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                  <text> 4. April 2023.</text>
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                <text>Keganasan rumah tangga : Suatu tinjauan terhadap keluarga Melayu di Malaysia</text>
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                <text>Keluarga sebagai satu unit sosial yang funsional adalah sebuah keluarga yang mampu menjalankan sebahagian besar fungsi-fungsi yang dijangkakan. Fungsi-fungsi yang tersebut sebenarnya adalah berasakan satu sistem jangkaan yang mengatur perlakuan serta perhubungan sesama anggota keluarga. Setiap anggota keluarga adalah dijangka mematuhi sistem jangkaan ini dengan memainkan peranan seperti yang dijangkakan. Walau bagaimanapun, dalam zaman yang berubah, tidak semua fungsi yang dinyatakan tadi dapat dijalankan terutamanya apabila anggota-anggota keluarga tidak memainkan peranan yang sepatutya atau yang dijangkakan dari mereka. Keganasan rumah tangga merupakan contoh utama perlakuan yang menyimpang dari fungsi-fungsi yang sepatutnya dimainkan oleh anggota keluarga. Masalah ini telah menjadi faktor penting kelemahan institusi keluarga pada hari ini.&#13;
&#13;
Keluarga Melayu di Malaysia juga tidak terkecuali daripada dibelenggu masalah tersebut malahan jumlah kes yang dilaporkan yang membabitkan masyarakat Melayu kian meningkat dari tahun demi tahun. Justeru itu langkah pertama yang harus dilakukan adalah meneliti dan memahami secara mendalam mengenai latar belakang masalah, khususnya persoalan punca dan kesan terlebih dahulu sebelum sebarang tindakan susulan dapat dirumuskan. Tindakan susulan yang diambil pula harus mengambil kira konteks sosiobudaya masyarakat Melayu agar dapat menjamin keberkesannya.</text>
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                <text>Fong Foo Liang</text>
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                <text>Jabatan Pengajian Melayu&#13;
Universiti Malaya&#13;
PL5065 1999 Foo</text>
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                <text>1998/1999</text>
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                <text>kelly</text>
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                  <text>Abstrak Kertas Projek  APM</text>
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                  <text>Mengandungi maklumat  bibliografi  beserta abstrak kertas projek APM.</text>
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                  <text> 4. April 2023.</text>
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                  <text>Haslan   Tamjehi</text>
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                <text>A study on defence cooperation between Malaysia and United States&#13;
 A Malaysian Perspective</text>
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                <text>The relationship between Malaysia and United States has been going on for quite a number of years. Militarily, the relationship or cooperation has developed since 1960s. The defence cooperation between Malaysia and United States has grown into a matured and solid partnership. At present, BITACG are the links between both armed forces. This arrangement and program have and will continue to see greater cooperation and relationship between both nations. The future of this cooperation is also highlighted.</text>
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                <text>Mej Maznan Bin Majid</text>
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                <text>Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences&#13;
University of Malaya&#13;
PL5065 1999 Mazm&#13;
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                <text>1999</text>
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        <name>bilateral defence relationship</name>
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        <name>defence cooperation</name>
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                  <text> 4. April 2023.</text>
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                  <text>Haslan   Tamjehi</text>
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                <text>Berjojak : Ritual terpenting dalam lingkaran hidup masyarakat Rawa</text>
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                <text>Berjojak merupakan tradisi warisan masyarakat Rawa golongan Pantang Tanah. Ia adalah perkataan Rawa yang berasal dari perkataan 'jejak' iaitu menjejakkan kaki ke tanah. Bagi golongan Pantang Tanah, ritual ini dijalankan pada kali pertama bayi menjejakkan kakinya ke tanah. Ritual ini adalah satu proses yang mengiiringi proses lingkaran hidup masyarakat Melayu khususnya Melayu Rawa.&#13;
&#13;
Berjojak wijud dari kepercayaan golongan Pantang Tanah ini adalah dari keturunan raja. Justeri itu, mereka harus berpantang tanah dan ritual Berjojak perlu dijalankan untuk membatalkan pantang larang yang dikenakan kepada setiap individu. Ada pihak menganggap bahawa ia adalah ritual yang banyak dipengaruhi oleh unsur- unsur semangat dan kepercayaan animisme yang fanatik.&#13;
&#13;
Kepercayaan masyarakat Melayu yang lain terhadap upacara ini adalah berbagai; sebahagian golongan yang menerima dan sebahagian lagi menolaknya. Walaupun ianya dianggap menjadi amalan golongan Pantang Tanah, namun sebenarnya ia turut diamalkan oleh masyarakat Melayu lain. Perbezaannya hanyalah dari segi pengamalan, penggunaan peralatan dan kepercayaan terhadap kepercayaan tersebut.&#13;
&#13;
Secara ringkasnya kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan melihat amalan ritual golongan Pantang tanah yang dianggap sebagai upacara yang terpenting dalam kehidupan mereka. Kajian ini seterusnya juga akan membincangkan mengenai kitaran atau lingkaran hidup manusia. Huraian dibuat berkisar kepad upacara-upcara yang diamalkan dalam mengiiringi proses lingkaran hidup manusia. Kajian ini tidak memfokuskan kepada proses pembesaran hidup manusia. Sebahagian kajian ini meliputi lingkaran hidup masyarakat Rawa, perlaksanaan ritual, kepercayaan serta fungsi ritual tersebut.</text>
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                <text>Mashitah Binti Mohamed Tahir</text>
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                <text>Jabatan Pengajian Melayu&#13;
Universiti Malaya&#13;
PL5065 1999 Masmt&#13;
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        <name>asal usul orang Rawa</name>
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                  <text>Haslan   Tamjehi</text>
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                <text>Perkahwinan campur dalam masyarakat Melayu</text>
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                <text>Bab pertama ialah pendahuluan yang bertujuan untuk memberikan satu gambaran yang menyeluruh tentang objektif kertas projek ini serta latar belakang perkahwinan campur masyarakat Melayu di Malaysia. Seterusnya bab ini akan memberikan definisi konsep perkahwinan dan konsep perkahwinan campur serta klasifikasinya.&#13;
&#13;
Bab kedua menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang mendorong serta menjayakan perkahwinan campur masyarakat Melayu. Antaranya ialah cinta, jodoh, matlamat yang sama, peka terhadap keperluan pasanganm tertarik dengan kebudayaan bangsa lain, semangat mengembara, keislaman pasangan, fikiran yang terbuka, persekitaran dan pergaulan, rupa paras dan fleksibiliti.&#13;
&#13;
Bab ketiga pula membincangkan masalah-masalah uang dihadapi dalam perkahwinan campur masyarakat Melayu. Masalah-masalah yang dibincangkan meliputi pelbagai perspektif. Antaranya ialah agama, penentangan ibu bapa, cara didikan anak, hubungan dengan keluarga asas, syak wasangka masyarakat, perasaan etnosentrik, pemakanan, pakaian dan adat istiadat.&#13;
&#13;
Bab keempat mengemukakan kesan-kesan yang timbul akibat daripada perkahwinanan campur dalam masyarakat Melayu. Kesan-kesan ini boleh ditinjau dari segi perubahan budaya dan perubahan sosial secara umumnya. Selain itu, ia juga dapat dilihat secara khusus dan terperinci dari segi kesan baik dan kesan buruknya.&#13;
&#13;
Akhir sekali ialah bahagian kesimpulan yang akan menyimpulkan segala konsep dan idea utama mengenai keempat-empat bab yang tersebut di atas tadi.</text>
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                <text>Elizabeth Lai Sie Ming</text>
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Universiti Malaya&#13;
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                <text>Kertas projek ini dibahagikan kepada empat bab. Dalam bab pertama, saya terus membincangkan dan menghuraikan apa yang disebutkan sebagai proses sosialisasi atau konsep bagi proses ini dan bagaimana ia dijalankan. Ia juga tidak ketinggalan menerangkan matlamat proses ini dan apa peranan yang dimainkan oleh agen-agen sosialisasi dalam proses ini dari segi faedah dan faktornya.&#13;
&#13;
Bab kedua adalah bab mengenai peringkat-peringkat kitaran hidup yang ditumpukan dalam proses sosialisasi. Saya telah membahagikan peringkat-peringkat tersebut kepada empat tahap iaitu dari tahap bayi, tahap kanak-kanak, tahap remaja sampai ke tahap dewasa. Pembahagian ini membolehkan kami melihat proses sosialisasi yang dialami secara terperinci.&#13;
&#13;
Manakala dalam bab ketiga pula saya cuba meneliti sejauh manakah faktor agama iaitu Islam telah mempengaruhi proses sosialisasi yang berlaku dalam masyarakat Melayu. Manakala bab keempat merupakan kesimpulan yang saya buat mengenai proses sosialisaso yang dijalankan dalam masyarakat Melayu.</text>
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                <text>Lim Kian Ming</text>
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                <text>Jabatan Pengajian Melayu&#13;
Universiti Malaya&#13;
PL5065 1999 Lim&#13;
</text>
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                <text>Sistem perubatan tradisional Melayu : Satu kajian di Kuala Lumpur</text>
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                <text>Menurut sejarah, setiap bangsa memang mengamalkan ilmu perbomohan dalam kehidupan seharian mereka. Gejala perbomohan ini dikatakan telah bermula sejak beratus-ratus tahun dahulu. Di rantau Asia Tenggara dan Alam Melayu, kegiatan perbomohan merupakan satu perkara lumrah dalam kehidupan sebahagian penduduk.&#13;
&#13;
Bomoh yang merupakan individu terpenting dalam institusi perbomohan ini agak popular di kalangan masyarakat Melayu sejak dahulu lagi kerana merekalah yang telah memberi sumbangan kepada masyarkat sebelum perubatan moden diperkenalkan. Peranan bomoh amat diperlukan dalam kehidupan manusia, khususnya bagi masyarakat tradisi yang masih begitu menebal kepercayaanya terhadap perawatan secara tradisional. Sistem perubatan tradisional ini masih diamalkan oleh sebahagian besar masyarakat Melayu meskipun pengaruh perubatan moden hari ini telah meresap bukan sahaja ke kawasan-kawasan bandar, malah juga ke kampung-kampung.</text>
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                <text>Komathi A/P Murugiah</text>
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                <text>Jabatan Pengajian Melayu&#13;
Universiti Malaya&#13;
PL5065 1999 Kom&#13;
</text>
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                <text>1998/99</text>
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                <text>kelly&#13;
</text>
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                  <text>Haslan   Tamjehi</text>
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                <text>United Nations Peacekeeping : Future challenges</text>
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                <text>Since the end of the Cold War the context and content of peacekeeping operations have radically changed. Peacekeeping has now become a lose concept, encompassing a bewildering range of country level, non-development activities and more and more intra-state in character. The United Nations (UN) is increasingly become involved in what are being termed as preventative or post-conflict peacebuilding measures.&#13;
&#13;
This paper provides a brief background to the Peacekeeping, Wider Peacekeeping and New Peacekeeping Partnership with particular reference of its security record in the light of its stated aims.&#13;
&#13;
Its also analyses the nature of contemporary peacekeeping, the environment in which it is used and the problems which the UN faces. It demonstrates that although the UN has adapted its organisation and approach to deal with the changes brought about by the end of the Cold War, it still confronts a variety of problems.&#13;
&#13;
By examining the UN in this way it has been possible to identify the specific military problems of peacekeeping and also the more general problems that face the UN and which impringe on the former. This paper offers some ideas and options with regard to how the UN can successfully reform to meet the challenges of peacekeeping in the future.</text>
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                <text>Mej Mustafa Bin Awang Ngah</text>
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                <text>Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences&#13;
University of Malaya&#13;
PL5065 1999 Musan&#13;
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                <text>A515624363</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Haslan   Tamjehi</text>
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                <text>The Korean Peninsula : Prospect of Unification</text>
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                <text>Korean peninsula had a long history of unification under Koryo and Chosan Dynasty before she was annexed by the Japanese in 1910. Although Korea was liberated from Japanese rule at the end of World War II, but she became the victim of Cold War ideological conflict that led to the formation of two separate states in 1948 divided along the 38th parallel. In the south, the Republic of Korea was formed while in the north, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea was installed.&#13;
&#13;
The division of the peninsula was further consolidated when the North launched an attack to the South, which triggered the Korean War in 1950 and raged until 1953. However, the devastating conflict was ended by an armistice agreement signed on July 27, 1953 which established the Demilitarised Zone (DMZ) that now divides the peninsula. As a result, millions of Koreans were separated from their families, enmity and tension within the nation was created and the sense of national community that had been developed over several thousand years was destroyed. The mistrust between the South and the North became far more deeply entrenched.&#13;
&#13;
Since its division, there were numbers of intra-Korean talks, dialogues and negotiation has been put into placed. The first formal agreement, the Joint Communique between South and North Korea dialogue was signed in 1972 to pursue unification through independent effort, peaceful means and great national unity. Then followed by the Agreement on Reconciliation, Non-Aggression and Exchanges and Cooperation (commonly known as Basic Agreement) signed on February 1992 which define intra-Korean relations not being a relationship between states but a special interim relationship stemming from the process towards unification. In the same year also, Joint Declaration of the Denuclearisation of the Korean peninsula was signed as an effort to free the peninsula from any nuclear threat.</text>
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                <text>Kajian "Sistem Pertahanan Melayu: Mulai 1400 sehingga sekarang" bukan sahaja dilihat dari sudut keselamatan atau berkaitan ketenteraan semata-mata. Malah ianya mencakupi skop yang lebih meluas yang merangkumi struktur dan bentuk pemerintahan, kuasa-kuasa politik, adat resam, budaya sosial, sosio-ekonomi dan tamadun Melayu secara keseluruhannya bermula sejak 1400 iaitu era keujudan Kesultanan Melayu Melaka hingga sekarang. Dalam erti kata yang lain kertas kajian ini mengkaji sejauh mana wujudnya ketuanan Melayu.&#13;
&#13;
Beberapa persoalan perlu difikirkan dengan warasnya dan dijawab oleh pembaca. Walau bagaimanapun tinggi atau teguhnya ketahanan dan tamadun Melayu, hakikatnya adalah bangsa Melayu mampu mempertahankannya daripada serangan dan pengaruh Barat. Barat bukan sahaja dapat merampas wilayah-wilayah Melayu secara fizikal tetapi ciri-ciri tamadun Melayu sendiri telah diserang dan dimusnahkan sehingga orang Melayu adanya yang tidak lagi kenal aspek-aspek tertentu dan tamadun Melayu. Tamadun sesuatu bangsa tidak terbentuk dalam sekelip mata. Oleh itu kita harus faham tamadun sesuatu bangsa mengambil masa yang lama mungkin beratus-ratus tahun untuk dibentuk.&#13;
&#13;
Penjajahan yang berlaku ke atas bangsa Melayu harus dijadikan iktibar dan pengajaran supaya kesilapan-kesilapan yang lalu dapat dihindarkan dari berulang lagi.</text>
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                <text>Mej Mohammad Norzuki Bin Mohd Yusof</text>
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                <text>Fakulti Sastera Dan Sains Sosial&#13;
Universiti Malaya&#13;
PL5065 1999 Mohnmy&#13;
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                <text>kelly</text>
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                <text>The South Pacific Region stretches 17,000 km in longitude from Australia in the west to South America in the east and 7000 km latitude from equator to Antarctic Ocean. In addition to two metropolitan countries of Australia and New Zealand, there are nine other states namely Fiji, Kiribati, Nauru, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu and Western Samoa. Another two, Niue and the Cook Island are self governing in free association with New Zealand. French Polynesia and New Caledonia are under compact free associations with US. The South Pacific region generally can be divided into three broad grouping: Melanesia in the west, Polynesia in the east and Micronesia in the north. The total land area of these island is 976,047 square kilometres. This paper will not go through the background of every nations in this region but only to certain country that have significant impact on the regional security and probably alien to ordinary reader.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Alan Renswick dan Ian Swinburn dalam buku mereka (K.Ramanathan, 1987), "Basic political Concept", membahagikan kuasa kepada tiga bahagian iaitu kuasa politik, kuasa ekonomi dan kuasa ketenteraan. Kuasa politik ditakrifkan sebagai nadi penggerak utama dalam masyarakat dan tidak boleh digugat. Kuasa ekonomi pula disifatkan sebagai satu "compensatory power" di mana orang akan patuh kepada yang berkuasa dengan harapan mendapat satu ganjaran. Selanjutnya, kuasa ketenteraan adalah merupakan ukuran kepada kekuatan. Dalam konteks ini ketiga-tiga elemen di atas adalah berkait rapat antara satu dengan lain dan memberi sumbangan dan mempunyai pengaruh besar kepada Sistem Pertahanan sesebuah negara.&#13;
&#13;
Menyentuh tentang masyarakat negara kita Malaysia, komunitinya adalah terdiri daripada berbagai kaum yang kini menuju ke arah negara-bangsa (nation-state) yang berorientasikan perkongsian secara bersama di bawah wadah yang dikenali sebagai Integrasi Nasional. Melalui bukunya "Pentadbiran Awam: Asas pemikiran dan falsafah" (Ahmad Atory Hussain, 1990) tidak menyentuh langsung tentang Polisi Pertahanan Negara dan sehingga hari ini polisi tersebut tidak jelas tetapi sekurang-kurangnya mampu ditafsirkan di dalam Dasar Pertahanan Negara.&#13;
&#13;
Penerokaan terhadap kajian "Sistem Pertahanan Melayu: Mulai 1400 sehingga sekarang" tidak hanya dipandang kepada sudut keselamatan sahaja, tetapi juga turut merangkumi corak pemerintahan, kuasa politik dan sosioekonomi Melayu bermula dari zaman kegemilangan Kerajaan Melayu Melaka sehingga sekarang.&#13;
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University of Malaya&#13;
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                <text>With the end of the Cold War there is little doubt that China is the most important state in the East &amp; Southeast Asia. This have somewhat altered the balance of power in the South China Sea. The withdrawal of the United States from Subic bay in the Philippines and the former Soviet Union from Cam Ranh bay in Vietnam base made the People Republic of China in the best position to take advantage of the power vacuum. It claims most of the area and argues that approximately 860,000 square kilometres of its territory has been encroached upon by other regional powers.&#13;
&#13;
As China begun to encroach further toward the ASEAN states the Spratly islands disputes became a regional conflict between China and her southern neighbours. The Spratly's are prized for their strategic location and the belief that they lie over one of largest oil fields in the world. All the disputants states are engaged in an attempt to control of as much of the archipelago as possible.&#13;
&#13;
Presently there remains many territorial conflict. In some aspect the Spratly Islands disputes are an extension of other territorial disputes between the claimant states and perpetuities of unfriendliness and distrust. The disputes over the Spratly's are in reality a competition for resources primarily rather than the islands itself. It is pressumed that there is abundant existence of potential resources, the strategic location of the islands relative to shipping and air transit that links the Indian ocean and the Pacific ocean give added advantage to the country who is in control of the islands. Hence, the disputes revolve around closely related issues such as sovereignty over the islands the maritime rights and the inherent interest over the sea around them. The conflict over economic resources and military development among the claimant countries. Indeed the South China sea is regarded as a flashpoint. The unsettled problem remains a major concern, the Spratly islands group in the north China sea has been identified as one of the potential flashpoint. This is due to the overlapping claims of China, Vietnam, Taiwan, Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei. Any attempt to further occupy any of the unoccupied islands and any attempt to eject or boot out the occupants of an island within the disputed area and accident or misinterpretations due to deployment by the claimants of military forces in the area may spark an armed confrontation.</text>
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                <text>Presently, there are six countries, which are laying claim on the archipelago in the South China Sea. The Spratleys area is an important route for sea lines of communication and is believed to be rich in oil and other mineral deposits.&#13;
&#13;
The Philippines, which claims 53 islands and occupies eight of them, bases its claim on the theory of discovery, proximity and occupancy. China on the other hand claims the entire China Sea and calls it the "China Lake" on historical grounds and on the principles of discovery and occupation. Like China, Taiwan also claims the whole of China Sea on the same historical grounds and principle of occupancy. Vietnam, which supports its claims on the principle of accession or inheritance from France also, stands on the effective occupation and effective continuity of peaceful exercise of state authority entitled to sovereignty in the 21 islands they occupy. Malaysia and Brunei on the provision of the UNCLOS on the principle of proximity to the continental shelf.&#13;
&#13;
Despite the occasional saber rattling from China, all the claimant countries have expressed their desire to settle the Spratleys dispute in a peaceful manner. They employed both First Track (official) and Second Track (unofficial) processes to avert breaking into armed confrontations. Included in the Declaration on the South First Track process are the signing of the 1992 ASEAN China Sea Dispute otherwise known as the 1992 Manila Declaration; the Philippine-China Code of Conduct on the South China Sea; and the Bilateral Agreement between the Philippines and Vietnam. In the Second Track Process, the efforts include Indonesia's annual seminar workshops on "Managing Potential Conflicts in the South China Sea"; transparency in the arms build and armed forces intentions of the claimant countries; exchange of military students and personnel visits; and other innovative confidence building measures like a soccer match in the Spratleys which is being proposed by the Philippines.</text>
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                <text>Secara keseluruhannya, penulisan kertas projek ini adalah mengenai masyarakat peneroka dan kegiatan mereka di tanah rancangan. Dengan kata lain, kajian ini merupakan satu tinjauan mengenai aspek sosio-ekonomi peneroka FELDA dalam usaha memperbaiki taraf kehidupan mereka khususnya di FELDA Tenggaroh Satu, Mersing, Johor.&#13;
&#13;
Kandungan kertas projek ini telah menghuraikan teknik-teknik dan kaedah secara umum konsep pembangunan dan kemajuan yang sering digunakan dalam kajian mengenai sosio-ekonomi. Ia juga membincangkan aspek latar belakang peneroka yang menyertai tanah rancangan dan aktiviti-aktiviti mereka di FELDA.&#13;
&#13;
Selasin itu, kertas projek ini juga turut membincangkan aspek-aspek pertubuhan-pertubuhan, aktiviti kemasyarakatan peneroka dan kegiatan ekonomi mereka serta cabaran-cabaran yang diharungi oleh mereka. Penggunaan teknologi moden yang telah dijalankan adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil kelapa sawit dan juga keadaan hal ehwal semasa peneroka.&#13;
&#13;
Bab yang terakhir di dalam kertas projek ini merupakan kesimpulan yang diperolehi daripada kajian dan serba sedikit cadangan-cadangan yang dikemukakan bagi meninggikan lagi hasil kelapa sawit dan taraf sosio-ekonomi para peneroka FELDA khususnya di FELDA Tenggaroh Satu. Sekali gus pendapatan mereka dapat dipertingkatkan lagi.</text>
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                <text>Norsafina Bte Saian</text>
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                <text>Jabatan Pengajian Melayu&#13;
Universiti Malaya&#13;
PL5065 1999 Nors&#13;
</text>
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                <text>Propaganda &#13;
Its roles and challenges</text>
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                <text>This paper relates to the art of persuasion, mostly through communication processes and also by other means. The art to persuade, influence and induce the targeted individuals or population to change their attitudes, opinions and behaviors as desired by the communicators. Such art is termed "propaganda" and throughout this paper the roles of propaganda and the everposing challenges it gives will be discussed. In the discussion that follows, the word "disinformation" will be invariably used so as to distinct out the special purpose it served as part of the wider meaning of propaganda. In this modern world where globalisation is the order of the day, propaganda has becoming one of the most important element or instrument used in political international relations, economy and trades or in the attempt or instrument used in political international relations, economy and trades or in the attempt to safeguard individual's or group's power. The extensive use of propaganda would be seen in the shade of the development of mass politics - widespread involvement  of the average citizen or subject in political and economic affairs - and a widening scope of private contacts between people of different nationalities especially so in multinational and non-governmental organisations&#13;
&#13;
This paper will mostly illustrate the role propaganda and disinformation played as an instrument of national policies especially during the cold war era between the American led western bloc and Soviet led eastern bloc which structured the bipolar system of that time. In the struggle to maintain, exert and expand ones' sphere of influence in the ideological, political and economical arenas the use of propaganda has becoming so widening until the actual fundamental understandings of international relations has somewhat becoming blurred or distorted.</text>
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                <text>Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences&#13;
University of Malaya&#13;
PL5065 1999 Noomamd&#13;
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                <text>Sekiranya  pesakit memilih untuk meneruskan dialisis,pesakit akan terpaksa menahan beban kesakitan sepanjang rawatan dan bimbang bahawa jantung boleh terhenti secara bila-bila.Tapi jika tidak melakukan dialisis,jangka hayat pesakit mungkin hanya boleh tahan kurang daripada satu minggu sahaja tapi ini boleh memberikan mereka peluang untuk meninggal dunia dengan cara yang lebih 'tenang'.</text>
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                <text>Halina Md.Noor</text>
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        <name>diabetes</name>
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        <name>ilmu</name>
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                <text>Lt Col Waleed Sultan Salmeen</text>
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University of Malaya&#13;
PL5065 1999 Sal&#13;
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                <text>kelly</text>
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                <text>Shah Alam ada banyak lokasi tarikan pelancongan</text>
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                <text>Ada beberapa lokasi ikonik sudah menjadi lokasi yang wajib untuk dikunjungi oleh pelancong seperti Taman Botani Shah Alam, makanan tradisional di Warung 35 dan Musical Fountain di Tasik Shah Alam.</text>
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                <text>Abdul Razak Idris</text>
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PL5065 1999 Russ&#13;
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&#13;
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&#13;
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&#13;
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Universiti Malaya&#13;
PL5065 1999 Rusa&#13;
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                <text>Berdasarkan tinjauan umum,boleh mendengar permintaan daripada pihak seperti ibu bapa dan guru supaya UPSR yang dimansuhkan pada 2021 diadakan semula disebabkan kepercayaan bahawa peperiksaan standard lebih dipercayai dan mempunyai kredibiliti yang lebih tinggi.</text>
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PL5065 1999 Shaa&#13;
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&#13;
Dalam bab satu, pengkajian hanya berkisar pada bidang pengkajian, masalah, tujuan dan metode kajian. Penulis turut menjelaskan teori kedudukan dan perubahan yang dinyatakan oleh beberapa ahli antropologi.&#13;
&#13;
Bab kedua pula akan dibincangkan tentang latar belakang wanita Melayu tradisi. Ia meliputi peranan yang perlu dijalankan selaras dengan keadaan masyarakat dalam adat berpakaian, pergaulan, pekerjaan dan perkahwinan. Turut dibincangkan ialah perbexaan peranan serta kedudukan lelaki dan perempuan dalam masyarakat tradisi. Penulisan ini juga membawa bukti pentingnya peranan wanita hingga terbawa-bawa ke dalam pepatah, simpulan bahasa dan peribahasa Melayu.&#13;
&#13;
Bab seterusnya memperlihatkan perubahan besar yang berlaku ke atas wanita dari zaman tradisi hingga ke dunia moden ini dalam aspek pekerjaan, pergaulan, perkahwinan, pendidikan dan pakaian. Disentuh juga sedikit tentang perubahan peranan wanita di arena politik dalam sistem pemerintahan negara. Perbincangan juga melibatkan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan perubahan ini berlaku.&#13;
&#13;
Bab terakhir meninjau pula implikasi yang timbul ekoran perubahan kedudukan wanita tradisi. Ia dapat dilihat ke atas diri, proses sosialisasi anak-anak, institusi keluarga, masyarakat dan penduaan wanita Melayu. Seterusnya, penulis membuat kesimpulan daripada hasil kajian yang dijalankan sebagai penutup pengkajian ini.</text>
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PL5065 1999 Surs&#13;
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                <text>Penggunaan propaganda telah pun bermula sejak zaman dulu lagi terutamanya apabila berlakunya kekacauan dan ketidakstabilan. Propaganda juga merupakan fenomena zaman moden berkembang pesat pada abad ke-18 selepas tamatnya perang Kemerdekaan Amerika dan Revolusi Perancis. Dalam Perang Dunia Pertama dan Perang Dunia Kedua propaganda telah digunakan dengan amat meluas sebagai salah satu daripada alat peperangan.&#13;
&#13;
Dalam kajian ini kita daoat melihat bagaimana keberkesanan penggunaan propaganda serta cabarannya. Ini dapat dilihat daripada kesan serta cabarannya yang datang daripada penggunaannya oleh pemimpin-pemimpin negara seperti Amerika Syarikat, Soviet Union, Britain dan Jerman. Penggunaan propaganda oleh Amerika Syarikat untuk memburuk-burukkan Soviet Union, semasa era Perang Dingin adalah amat ketara di mana melibatkan banyak kerugian dari segi kewangan, harta benda dan juga nyawa. Propaganda seterusnya berkembang pesat seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi massa dewasa ini.</text>
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PL5065 1999 wanozmi&#13;
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                <text>Unimap amat menitikberatkan inisiatif dalam memantapkan kepimpinan dan pembangunan pelajar sebab pembangunan bakat merupakan elemen penting yang menjadikan sesebuah universiti dan negara berpendapatan tinggi.</text>
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                <text>Fakulti Sastera Dan Sains Sosial&#13;
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PL5065 1999 Thanr&#13;
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                <text>Penganjuran persidangan ini menyumbang kepada pembangunan tempatan dengan meningkatkan sumber pendapatan komuniti tempatan.</text>
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                <text>Utusan Malaysia 21.11.23, p.35.</text>
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&#13;
Bab 2 dalam kertas projek ini menumpukan lokasi kajian yang dibuat iaitu menceritakan tentang asal usul tempat kajian dan bagaimana persembahan kesenian dikesan dan diperkembangkan melalui kemudan-kemudahan prasarana yang terdapat di Kampung Rahmat.&#13;
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&#13;
Peralatan yang digunakan dalam persembahan hamdolok dibincangkan dalam bab 5.&#13;
&#13;
Bab 6 mengupas tentang persembahan yang mempunyai pelbagai  fungsi seperti fungsi sosial, fungsi ekonomi, fungsi komunikasi, fungsi hiburan dan sebagainya.</text>
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