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                  <text>The Malay Muslim quarter of Gerge town, known as Malay Town, was located south of Chulia Street and surrounded by paddy fields and swampy land. It expanded in the early 19th century to include Acheen Street and Armenian Street, forming a layout similar to today. Over time, the Malay presence declined, although they once owed much of the inner city. Due to frequent flooding, traditional houses were built on raised platforms, and some Indo-Malay style buildings still remain today.</text>
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                  <text>Izrin Muaz Md Adnan</text>
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                  <text>JMBRAS, VOL.85, part1(2012), pp.1-44</text>
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                <text>Patani During the Turn of the 20th Century: A Malayan Perception</text>
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                <text>At the turn of the 20th century, Patani was viewed by many in Malaya as a culturally rich but politically troubled region under growing Siamese control. Malay observers saw the decline of Patani’s autonomy with concern, as it affected their shared identity, religious practices, and historical ties. This perspective highlights a sense of loss and solidarity with the Malay community in Patani during a period of change and uncertainty.</text>
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                <text>Khoo Kay Kim</text>
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                <text>Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society,61,part 1.1988.p.87-116.&#13;
DS591 RASMJ 1988</text>
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                  <text>JMBRAS, VOL.85, part1(2012), pp.1-44</text>
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                <text>W. W. Skeat is remembered for his major contributions to the study of Malayan ethnography, particularly through his detailed observations of local customs, beliefs, and social structures. His work combined careful field research with a deep respect for Malay culture, helping to document traditions that were often overlooked by colonial authorities. Skeat’s legacy lies in how he shaped early understandings of Malayan society through a scholarly yet appreciative lens.</text>
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                <text>J.M. Gullick</text>
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                <text>Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society,61,part 1.1988.p.117-152.&#13;
DS591 RASMJ 1988</text>
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                  <text>JMBRAS, VOL.85, part1(2012), pp.1-44</text>
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                <text>Anglo-Kedah relations between 1688 and 1765 were shaped by trade interests, diplomacy, and shifting regional power. The English East India Company sought access to Kedah’s resources and strategic ports, while Kedah’s rulers tried to balance foreign influence with local control. The relationship saw moments of cooperation and tension, reflecting the wider dynamics of colonial ambition and local sovereignty in the Malay world.</text>
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                <text>Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society,62,part 2.1989.p.1-18.&#13;
DS591 RASMJ 1989</text>
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                  <text>The Malay Muslim quarter of Gerge town, known as Malay Town, was located south of Chulia Street and surrounded by paddy fields and swampy land. It expanded in the early 19th century to include Acheen Street and Armenian Street, forming a layout similar to today. Over time, the Malay presence declined, although they once owed much of the inner city. Due to frequent flooding, traditional houses were built on raised platforms, and some Indo-Malay style buildings still remain today.</text>
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                  <text>JMBRAS, VOL.85, part1(2012), pp.1-44</text>
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                <text>David Sherman Bassett, aged 85, passed away on September 13, 2024, at Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Health. Born on July 9, 1939, in Massachusetts, he was a devoted member of Ardmore Baptist Church and actively volunteered at the Shriner Hospital and Atrium Wake Forest Baptist Health. A Past Master at the Masonic Lodge in Norwood, Massachusetts, and a dedicated Shriner, he cherished activities like golfing and water skiing. He is survived by his wife of 58 years, Martha Fisher Bassett; sons Christopher D. Bassett (Karen) and Jeffrey D. Bassett (Melissa); grandchildren Gaige, Riley, Sierra, and Brianna; great-grandchildren Brynleigh and Colt; and in-laws Wayne and Rebecca Fisher. A visitation was held on September 17, 2024, at Hayworth-Miller Silas Creek Chapel. In lieu of flowers, memorials may be made to the Lexington Memorial Masonic Lodge #473.</text>
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Kelompok orang Seletar merupakan salah satu suku Masyarakat orang asli yang terdapat&#13;
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panggilan orang lam. Kebanyakan masyarakat orang Seletar pada masa kini menetap di negcn Johor yang tcrletak di selatan Scmcnanjung Malaysia. Pada asalnya, masyarakat orang Seletar ini tinggal di dalam perahu atau dikenali sebagai perahu berkajang dan mereka akan berlegar-Iegar di sekitar persisiran pantai dan paya bakau yang terdapat di perairan Johor dan Singapura. Setelah berlakunya peredaran Taman, masyarakat orang  Seletar sudah mula menetap di atas darat. Walau bagai manapun, penempatan mereka di atas darat mestdah berdekatan dengan kawasan laut Hal ini demikian kerana masyarakat orang Seletar sememangnva bergantung dengan basil laut sebagai punca pendapatan merek&amp; Lazimnya, masyarakat orang Seletar akan menjalankan kegiatan perikanan dengan mengutip basil laut seperli ikart. ketam dan kupang, Kini, perubahan ekologi akibat daripada kaja-kerja pembangunan seperli penambakan lam sedikit sebanyak telah mengganggu-gugat kegiatari orang Seletar dalam mengutip hasil laut. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk me I i hat proses adaptasi yang dial ami oleh masyarakat orang Seletar terhadap akliviti penambakan laut di Selal Tebrau. Terdapat tiga objektif kajian iaitu. (i) memahami latar belakang pekerjaan orang Seletar; (ii) menghubung kail impak penambakan lam terhadap perubahan pekerjaan orang Seletar dan liii) menganalisis cars orang Seletar beradaptasi dengan perubahan jenis pekerjaan Manakala kaedah bagi mendapatkan data pula dilakukan dengan menggunakan kaedah temu bual secara mendalam dan kaedah pemerhatian [unit serta. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa kerja-kerja penambakan laut yang dijahmkan di sekitar perairan SelaJ Tebrau sememangnya memaksa orang Seletar untuk mengubah jenis pekerjaan yang dilakukan oleh mereka. Orang Seletar yang pada asalnya hanya tiirun ke lam untuk mengutip hasil laut terpaksa menukar pekerjaan lain bagi menampung kehidupan seharian mereka. Antara jenis pekerjaan barn yang dilakukan oleh orang Seletar ialah pentemakan kupang. pemiagaan restoran makan laut. kegiatan ekopelancongan dan pemiagaan rumah rakit pancing. Di samping itu kajian ini Juga mendapali bahawa orang Seletar mampu beradaptasi dengan perubahan jenis pekerjaan yang berlaku akibat daripada kerja penambakan laut. Adaptasi  yang berlaku juga selari dengan tiga kriieria adaptasi yang diperkenalkan oleh J.W. &#13;
Bennet (1976).</text>
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&#13;
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Pada Mac 2020 telah muncul wabak COVID-19 yang menjejaskan keseluruhan institusi pendidikan dari peringkat sekolah rendah, sekolah menengah dan universiti. Kajian dijalankan di Sekolah Kebangsaan Pulau Indah, Klang. Responden yang dËpilih seramai 79 orang murid dari kelas 5 Bestari dan 5 Terbilang dalam melaksanakan penyelidikan ini. Empat matapelajaran teras dipilih iaitu Bahasa Melayu, Bahasa Inggeris, Sains dan Matematik bagi mengukur tahap penguasaan akademik murid berdasarkan Pentaksiran Berasaskan Sckolah (PBS). Semasa pandemik COVID-19, proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdPc) di sekolah dikendalikan secara dalam talian melalui sistem e pembelajaran menggunakan aplikasi Whatsapp, Google Meet dan Quizzizz. Proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran dalam talian telah memberikan impak positif dan negatif terhadap tahap penguasaan dan pencapaian akademik murid. Malah terdapat pelbagai cabaran dan halangan kepada murid seperti masalah untuk mengadaptasi dan menyesuaikan diri semasa belajar dalam talian tambahan juga kurang motivasi, masalah akses internet, dan kekurangan bahan belajar. Kajian ini menganalisis apakah tahap pencapaian akademik murid sebelum dan semasa pandemik CoVID-19. Ketika kelas bersemuka berlangsung, guru-guru memfokuskan proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran yang berpusatkan kepada murid secara individu. Temu bual dengan beberapa orang guru juga dijalankan untuk mendapatkan kualiti dan keesahan dapatan analisis. Kajian mendapati tahap pencapaian akademik murid di dalam kelas dipengaruhi oleh kaedah pengajaran dan pembelajaran guru manakala peningkatan tahap akademik murid ketika kelas dalam talian dilaksanakan adalah disebabkan oleh motivasi, dorongan ibu bapa dan faktor persekitaran. Selain itu, kajian juga mengkaji lima item budaya nilai murni daripada 16 item nilai murni yang telah diperakukan oleh Pusat Perkembangan Kurikulum dan item nilai murni yang dipilih dan dikaji terhadap murid ketika di sekolah adalah nilai jaya diri, nilai bertanggungjawab, nilai hormat-menghormati, nilai kebersihan fizikal dan mental dan nilai pertuturan dan tingkahlaku yang sopan. Kajian juga menganalisis pengaruh lima budaya nilai murni yang dinilai berdasarkan pemerhatian terhadap murid ketika berinteraksi dengan guru, rakan sebaya dan kakitangan sekolah. Kaedah penyelidikan ini menggunakan keadah kuantitatif dan kualitatif iaitu crosstabulation dari Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) bagi mendapatkan kajian bandingan keputusan PBS 1 yang dilaksanakan sebelum pandemik dan PBS 2 yang dilaksanakan semasa pandemik. Kaedah kualitatif yang digunakan adalah pemerhatian berstruktur yang menggunakan borang pemerhatian terhadap murid-murid. Pendekatan kelas dalam talian telah memberikan peluang kepada murid-murid untuk meneroka ilmu baharu menggunakan pendekatan pendidikan abad ke-21 iaitu dengan penggunaan Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Hasil penyelidikan budaya nilai murni juga mendapati bahawa murid-murid berjaya menghayati dan mengamalkan nilai murni melalui proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran yang berlaku ketika kelas bersemuka dan semasa kelas dalamn talian berlangsung. Secara tidak langsung, sekiranya penghayatan dan penerapan nilai murni berjaya diamalkan oleh murid, dapat menjadikan proses interaksi dan hubungan interpersonal dengan guru, rakan sebaya dan kakitangan sekolah menjadi lebih baik malah tidak akan mengganggu pertukaran maklumat dan komunikasi antara satu sama lain.  </text>
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Kajian ini merupakan perbincangan berkaitan simbolisme dalam perhiasan pending Melayu koleksi Jabatan Muzium Malaysia dalam aspek reka bentuk. Kekurangan penulisan, maklumat dan pendedahan tentang perhiasan pending Melayu menunjukkan kajian terhadap pending masih kurang dilakukan. Maklumat berkaitan pending yang sedia ada di muzium dan galeri adalah umum dan ringkas menyebabkan generasi kini tidak begitu mengenali perhiasan pending dari aspek fungsi, sejarah, seni rupa dan makna simbolik. Objektif kajian ini ialah untuk menganalisis aspek formalistik dan menginterpretasi simbolisme pada reka bentuk pending. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat menyumbang manfaat kepada masyarakat untuk memahami kepentingan simbolisme dalam seni rupa Melayu. Selain itu, hasil kajian ini diharapkan dapat memberi nilai tambah pada informasi artifak pending di galeri muzium. Kaedah kualitatif dengan reka bentuk kajian kaedah pelbagai diaplikasi untuk menganalisis sepuluh sampel perhiasan pending Melayu. Data-data primer diperoleh daripada kajian di lapangan, pemerhatian, temu bul dan analisis dokumen. Manakala, tinjauan kepustakaan dibuat untuk mengumpul data sekunder. Analisis kajian ini mengaplikasikan model Edmund Feldman dan teori Susanne Langer. Hasil dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa seni rupa pending mempunyai unsur-unsur seni dan prinsip rekaan yang membentuk imej visual pada pending Melayu. Hasil dapatan kajian daripada analisis interpretasi simbolisme menunjukkan bahawa terdapat simbol diskursif dan simbol presentasional pada reka bentuk pending Melayu. Sebagai kesimpulan, kajian ini memberi implikasi terhadap pengetahuan aspek formalistik dan simbolisme dalam seni rupa pending.</text>
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Murut (Bornean people) -- Economic condition.&#13;
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&#13;
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                <text>Steffi Ann Tabari</text>
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                <text>PL5065 UM 2021 STE</text>
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                <text>Universiti Malaya</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
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                <text>Dissertation</text>
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                <text>Dramaturges.&#13;
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Comedy.</text>
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                <text>Abstrak&#13;
&#13;
Kepesatan pemikiran penggiat teater di pusat pengajian tinggi seperti Universiti Malaya, Maktab Perguruan Sultan Idris dan Maktab Perguruan Bahasa (dahulunya Language Institute) sekitar tahun 1970-an dan 1980-an memperlihatkan lagi terbitnya karya-karya dan pemikiran baru. Nama seperti Dinsman, Johan Jaaffar dan Syed Alwi amat sinonim dengan Universiti Malaya. Cetusan karya mereka telah berjaya dipentaskan di Panggung Eksperimen Universiti Malaya melalui Pesta Drama Pentas pada tahun 1970-an. Bertitik tolak dari hal tersebut maka lahirlah Karnival Teater Universiti Malaya (KARVITER UM) pada tahun 2009 yang asalnya diangkat dari acara drama pentas di dalam Festival Seni UM. Sehingga kini, tiada penganjuran seumpamanya di universiti awam yang lain menjadikan KARVITER sebagai medan pertembungan dan persaingan idea dan karya, seni persembahan teater dan bakat-bakat lakonan serta pengarahan di Kuala Lumpur. Apa yang utama adalah sentuhan luar biasa pengkarya muda yang lahir dari KARVITER ini telah mengungguli pertandingan teater di peringkat kebangsaan seperti Festival Teater MAKUM dan Festival Teater Malaysia. Berikutan dari itu, Kajian tesis ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengkaji perkembangan penganjuran KARVITER UM 2017 dan 2018 yang memfokuskan kajian terhadap kreativiti pengkarya muda. Kajian mini disertasi ini mengunakan kajian kualitatif melalui pendekatan intrepretatif yang memfokuskan kepada kajian kes. KARVITER 2017 dan 2018 dan Pengkarya Muda merupakan kes yang menjadi fokus kajian bagi disertasi ini di mana secara dasarnya kajian melihat subjek utama (KARVITER &amp; Pengkarya Muda) secara triangulasi (dari pelbagai sudut dan perpektif yang berbeza). Hasil pengumpulan data dapatan menjawab kepada persoalan kajian dengan mengunakan enam (6) Kod tema iaitu Organisasi Pengurusan Utama, Penjurian dan Sistem Rubrik, Diskusi IImiah, Peserta: konsep persembahan, Penganjur: KARVITER sebagai Platform Megenengahkan Karya dan terakhir, Wakil Industri: Komen Juri dalam KARVITER 2017 &amp; 2018. Pengukuran di peringkat analisis dilakukan mengunakan 2 teori iaitu teori Management by objective oleh Peter Drucker dan teori Collaborative theatre oleh Robert Cohen bagi menentukan pencapaian keberkesanan penganjuran KARVITER 2017 &amp; 2018 sebagai faktor tarikan penyertaan dan perkembangan kreativiti Pengkarya Muda.</text>
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                <text>Orang Melayu telah melalui satu perjalanan sejarah yang cukup panjang, unik dan menarik, Sejarahnya berkembang dari satu zaman ke zaman, melalui kehidupan yang berbeza dalam setiap zaman tersebut...</text>
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BL2112 GBSKA&#13;
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                <text>"Kebanyakan orang Melayu di daerah Kroh/Pengkalan Hulu berasal dari Reman dan mereka dikenali sebagai orang Patani, begitu juga di Gerik.</text>
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                <text>Nur Habibah Che Rosdi, Rahim Aman, Shahidi A.Hamid.(2023). Dialek Hulu Perak Utara; Pendekatan Linguistik Perbandingan. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. p.22&#13;
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Dewasa ini, kemunculan muzium 3D sebagai muzium baharu semakin berkembang dengan pesat. Muzium ini dibangunkan sebagai sebuah organisasi korporat dan telah melahirkan identiti muzium yang tersendiri. Hal ini juga telah mengubah konsep muzium yang dibincangkan oleh ICOM (2017). Perubahan ini berlaku daripada konsep muzium tradisional kepada muzium baharu. Walau bagaimanapun, secara tidak langsung, muzium ini turut menyumbang kepada perkembangan museologi baharu di Malaysia. Malahan ia turut merancakkan lagi sektor permuziuman negara dan perkembangan produk pelancongan berasaskan seni dan budaya. Secara harfiahnya, museologi merupakan kajian saintifik tentang sesebuah muzium merangkumi pengurusan organisasi dan pentadbiran. Kajian Museologi Baharu: Kajian Kes Muzium Seni 3D Langkawi ini merupakan satu kajian berbentuk kualitatif yang membincangkan sepuluh aspek museologi baharu yang telah digunapakai dalam institusi tersebut. Kajian ini menggunapakai pendekatan museologi baharu oleh Janet Martstine (2008) bagi menganalisis sepuluh aspek museologi yang terdapat di dalam muzium tersebut. Hasil kajian mendapati gabungan koleksi lukisan seni budaya dan teknologi media, di muzium ini menghasilkan aktiviti interaktif yang menyumbang kepada bentuk muzium baharu atau pascamoden.</text>
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                <text>Nor Hidayah Alwi </text>
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                <text>PL5065 UM 2021 NORHA</text>
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                <text>mki</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="142203">
                <text>Universiti Malaya</text>
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&#13;
Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenalpasti sifat-sifat nafsu mengikut peringkat dalam tiga novel kajian karya Fatimah Syarha, iaitu Seindah Mawar Berduri (2009), Tautan Hati (2012) dan juga Sebarkan-CintaMu (2014). Ketiga-tiga novel tersebut sarat dengan kejiwaan watak yang memperlihatkan sifat dalam diri masing-masing. Sifat-sifat tersebut telah dikelaskan mengikut peringkat nafsu tertentu. Tiga objektif yang berjaya dicapai dalam kajian ini adalah mengenal pasti peringkat nafsu berdasarkan sifat-sifat nafsu watak dalam novel-novel kajian, menghurai sifat-sifat setiap peringkat nafsu watak dalam novel novel kajian dan menilai sifat-sifat setiap peringkat nafsu watak dalam novel-novel kajian. Kajian ini telah menggunakan pandangan beberapa tokoh dan ulama seperti al-Ghazali, Robert Frager, M. Ali Imran al-Aziz, Mustapha Mohamed al-Jiasi al-Ahmadi dan juga Syekh Qasim al-Halabi. Kajian ini dilakukan sebagai nilai tambah bagi kajian sebelumnya yang mempamerkan perbezaan novel serta sifat watak yang secara tidak langsung memberi pendedahan kepada pembaca tentang sifat-sifat nafsu serta peringkat-peringkatnya. Hal ini dapat membantu pembaca mengenali sifat-sifat nafsu pada watak dan juga mengaplikasinya pada diri sendiri. Oleh yang demikian, pembaca dapat menilai tahap nafsu yang ada dalam diri masing-masing seterusnya dapat membezakan baik mahupun buruk setiap sifat dalam usaha membaiki akhlak pembaca. Kajian ini juga dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menganalisis kandungan teks untuk mengenalpasti sifat-sifat nafsu mengikut peringkat masing-masing. Kaedah kepustakaan turut digunakan bagi memahami lebih mendalam perihal nafsu serta mengumpulkan bahan yang bersesuaian dengan kajian ini. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa sifat-sifat dalam nafsu ammarah lebih dominan berbanding peringkat nafsu yang lain. Hal tersebut berlaku kerana kebanyakan sifat ahli dalam masyarakat didominasi oleh citra negatif dalam kehidupan masing-masing berbanding sifat-sifat pada peringkat nafsu muthmainnah. Hanya dua watak sahaja yang dikenalpasti memiliki sifat sifat pada peringkat nafsu muthmainnah kerana peringkat ini adalah yang tertinggi bagi manusia biasa iaitu Ibu Dhiya' dan juga Pak Yodong.Kesimpulannya, kebanyakan watak masih terperangkap dalam sifat-sifat yang negatif kerana dilihat menonjolkan sifat yang terdapat dalam nafsu anmmarah dalam diri masing-masing. Hal tersebut secara tidak langsung mencerminkan peribadi masyarakat kerana karya sastera adalah cerminan realiti masyarakat yang sedikit sebanyak memantulkan kisah sebenar masyarakat dalam karya. Oleh yang demikian, penting kajian ini dilakukan bagi membantu penulis membentuk watak berdasarkan sifat-sifat nafsu yang sesuai dalam karya bagi menghasilkan karya berkualiti serta dapat melahirkan masyarakat yang seimbang di dunia serta akhirat.</text>
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                <text>Noor Farhah Rosly</text>
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                <text>PL5065 UM 2021 NOOFR</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="142210">
                <text>2021</text>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
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Ekoran evolusi dan perkembangan dunia hiburan semasa, dunia hiburan muzik di Malaysia turut terkesan dan berkembang dengan begitu hebat. Antaranya ialah fenomena gabungan muzik pop barat dan tradisi tempatan telah direkontsruksi secara meluas turut menjadi peneraju gubahan muzik tanahair. Perubahan jelas berlaku kepada lanskap muzik Malaysia apabila ianya melibatkan sambutan yang menggalakkan dari pelbagai sektor di dalam industri hiburan tanahair seperti pihak media cetak, elektronik dan stesen penyiaran TV, pencipta lagu, penggubah muzik, penyanyi dan pengiktirafan oleh para masyarakat peminat sendiri. Manakala kewujudan lagu-lagu bercorakkan Lagu Irama Malaysia ini sangat berkait rapat akibat dorongan gaya rekonstruksi secara komersial yang pada awalnya usaha ini hanyalah untuk memenuhi kehendak dan aliran semasa muzik terkini. Kehendak dan aliran Lagu Irama Malaysia dahulunya hanyalah usaha mempertahankan warisan seni budaya tetapi telah berubah secara positif sebagai warisan yang digemari. Penyelidikan rekonstruksi lagu irama Melayu ini berdasarkan kaedah reka bentuk kajian kes yang diaplikasikan menerusi pendekatan kualitatif sebagai corak penghasilan data. Hasil data kualitatif yang dikumpul adalah berdasarkan daripada penentuan kriteria ilmu bidang yang telah dikenalpasti sebelumnya iaitu ciri-ciri intrinsik dalam muzik seperti rentak dan melodi; dan ciri-ciri ekstrinsik iaitu pencipta lagu. Tiga lagu pilihan kajian ini iaitu Cindai, Balqis dan Kurik Kundi hasil ciptaan Suhaimi Mohd Zain@PakNgah disaring berdasarkan kepada mutu dan penerimaan lagu tersebut oleh responden kajian yang terdiri dari kalangan professional dan orang yang terlibat secara langsung dalam kerja kreatif kajian kes penyelidikan ini. Transkripsi skor muzik lagu ini dibahagikan kepada dua bahagian iaitu a) melodi dan b) gubahan muzik. Kedua-dua bahagian muzik ini dilihat lebih dekat pada kerja komposisi yang telah dilakukan oleh komposer tersohor dan terkenal dengan ciptaan lagu-lagu yang berbentuk Irama Malaysia dan juga di gelar sebagai "Raja Irama Malaysia". Manakala kaji selidik melalui temubual dan pemerhatian memperlihatkan cara (budaya) kerja, teknik-teknik dalam penerapan kerja yang dilakukan oleh Suhami Mohd Zain@pak Ngah telah menjadikan perbincangan dalam rumusan analisis tentang penemuan baru dalam garapan lagu Irama Malaysia di Malaysia berdasarkan skop kajian yang diselidik.</text>
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&#13;
Pertumbuhan KDNK bagi subsektor makanan, minuman dan tembakau dalam sektor pembuatan sentiasa mencatatkan pertumbuhan yang positif berbanding dengan subsektor lain yang pernah mencatatkan pertumbuhan negatif. Walau bagaimanapun, pertumbuhan ini dilihat tidak menggambarkan realiti sebenar yang dihadapi oleh PKS bumiputera. Walaupun pelbagai inisiatif telah dilakukan kerajaan untuk membantu PKS supaya terus membangun dan berkembang, produk-produk keluaran PKS terutamanya milik bumiputera dilihat tidak mampu menyaingi produk-produk pengusaha bukan sahaja dari luar negara malah, di dalam negara sendiri. Sehubungan itu, satu kajian kes telah dijalankan terhadap perusahaan D Sedili Best Foods Enterprise iaitu PKS bumiputera yang menghasilkan produk keropok segera di Kota Tinggi, Johor. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti elemen strategi campuran pemasaran yang paling utama dan kurang digunakan pengusaha dalam mempengaruhi pelanggan untuk membeli produk perniagaannya serta menganalisis aspek strategi campuran pemasaran yang dilaksanakan pengusaha. Kajian ini juga telah menilai masalah dan sikap pengusaha dalam menjalankan perniagaannya. Metodologi penyelidikan kualitatif telah diaplikasi dengan menemubual pengusaha, lima orang informan daripada kalangan pekerja, dan sepuluh orang informan dari kalangan pelanggan. Hasil kajian mendapati, elemen paling dominan yang dilaksanakan pengusaha adalah elemen harga. Manakala, elemen campuran pemasaran yang paling kurang digunakan adalah promosi. Namun, pengusaha secara tidak langsung telah melaksanakan empat elemen campuran pemasaran (produk, harga, promosi dan saluran agihan) di dalam perusahaannya dan mengaplikasi ke semua 14 aspek yang dikaji (kepelbagaian produk, kualiti, reka bentuk, jenama, pembungkusan, saiz, senarai harga, diskaun, pengiklanan, perhubungan awam, promosi jualan, lokasi, pengangkutan dan inventori). Hasil kajian ini juga mendapati PKS bumiputera yang dikaji mempunyai masalah dan sikap berlengah-lengah dalam membuat perubahan, tidak merebut peluang, tidak berani mengambil risiko, kurang daya pemikiran kritis dan kurang kreatif &amp; inovatif.</text>
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                <text>Universiti Malaya</text>
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 Tarikh L/ M. : 26 Nov 1939  /14 April 2025.&#13;
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Tempat Lahir:  Bayan Lepas, Pulau Pinang.&#13;
&#13;
Bidang:Pentadbiran  dan Politik.&#13;
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