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                <text>The Tomb of The Fourth Capitan China of Kuala Lumpur </text>
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                <text>Membincangkan sejarah dan kepentingan makam Yap Kwan Seng, Kapitan Cina keempat Kuala Lumpur. Artikel ini mengupas peranan penting beliau dalam pembangunan awal bandar Kuala Lumpur, sumbangannya dalam bidang sosial, ekonomi, dan pendidikan, serta hubungannya dengan masyarakat Melayu dan penjajah British. Makam beliau dikenalpasti sebagai warisan sejarah penting yang mencerminkan kerjasama antara kaum di Tanah Melayu.</text>
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                <text>Retorik pujukan : kajian kes ceramah Haji Hadi Awang</text>
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                <text>Abstrak&#13;
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Kajian ini menumpukan teks ucapan politik oleh Abdul Hadi Awang dari segi retoriknya. Lima buah teks ucapan politik beliau telah dipilih sebagai bahan kajian. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengupas keberkesanan penggunaan bahasa dan kepelbagaian teknik pemujukan yang digunakan oleh pemeran berdasarkan teori yang dikemukan oleh Gary T.Hunt (1987). Dalam Bab 2, dibincangkan konsep retorik, sejarah perkembangan retorik, retorik pemujukan, dan jenis-jenis retorik pujukan. Turut dibincangkan ialah elemen elemen pemujukan dan pemujukan dalam bidang politik, iaitu semasa menjalankan aktiviti-aktiviti kempen pilihan raya. Perbincangan yang berkaitan dengan aspek kebahasan terdapat dalam Bab 3. Dua aspek bahasa yang paling menonjol dalam ucapan oleh Abdul Hadi ialah penggunaan unsur ragam bahasa dan bahasa kiasan dibincangkan dalam bab ini. Bab ini juga membincangkan aspek pemilihan diksi yang terdapat dalam teks kajian. Penggemblengan ketiga-tiga unsur bahasa ini bermatlamat untuk memberitahu, menjelaskan, mempertahankan, meluahkan hasrat, idea, darn perasaan penutur. Analisis Bab 4 pula tertumpu pada aspek kepelbagaian teknik pemujukan oleh Abdul Hadi. Antara teknik pemujukan yang digunakan seperti teknik pengukuhan, teknik mengumpan sokongan, teknik permintaan tindakan, teknik menakut-nakutkan. teknik membangkitkan semangat, teknik beranalogi sebagai sindiran, teknik humor, teknik penonjolan kesopanan, dan teknik penyisian. Bab 5 merumuskan semua dapatan kajian yang telah dibuat dalam Bab 3 dan Bab 4. Hasil dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa Abdul Hadi Awang telah mengadun pelbagai teknik pemujukan dan aspek kebahasaan dalam ucapan pemujukannya bagi menghasilkan sebuah ucapan politik yang berkesan dan menarik. </text>
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&#13;
Pada asasnya penulisan ini adalah untuk membincangkan mengenai aspek kemasyarakatan serta world-view masyarakat Iban melalui cerita-cerita rakyat yang telah dihasilkan oleh masyarakat ini sendiri. Ini kerana setiap cerita rakyat yang terhasil dalam masyarakat ini adalah banyak dipengaruhi peristiwa dan pengalaman hidup mereka. Dalam kajian ini, saya telah menggunakan sepuluh buah cerita rakyat masyarakat Iban. Saya telah merakamkan cerita rakyat masyarakat Iban ini ke dalam pita rakaman. Sebanyak sepuluh buah cerita rakyat masyarakat Iban telah berjaya dikumpul oleh penulis. Keseluruhannya kajian ini telah mengkaji peranan dan aspek kemasyarakatan cerita rakyat masayarakat Iban ini. Pendekatan kajian seperti yang dikemukakan oleh Plummer iaitu seorang pengkaji Barat yang banyak menulis tentang peranan cerita rakyat terhadap masyarakat yang menghasilkannya digunakan dalam kajian ini. Keseluruhan kajian tertumpu kepada aspek kehidupan masyarakat yang melahirkan teks cerita rakyat tersebut. Teori sosiologi sastera seperti yang dikemukakan oleh Plummer telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Analisis yang dibuat berdasarkan kepada enam aspek utama. Anataranya ialah berhubung dengan bila cerita rakyat ini telah wujud dalam masyarakat penciptanya, siapakah khalayak karya atau siapakah golongan yang mendengar cerita rakyat itu, hubungan karya dengan dunia sosial, situasi sosio-budaya dan politik masyarakat cerita rakyat itu, tanggungjawab sosial pengarang dan akhir sekali mengapa tema-tema tertentu dipilih. Hasil atau dapatan daripada kajian ini, kita telah mengetahui bahawa teori sosiologi mengikut Plummer amat sesuai bagi mengkaji kehidupan dan budaya hidup yang diamalkan oleh masyarakat Iban. Aspek yang telah dikemukakan oleh penulis dalam mengkaji cerita rakyat Iban ini begitu sesuai dalam mencari persoalan tentang hasil kesusasteraan masyarakat Iban yang semakin pupus ini. Melalui kajian terhadap cerita rakyat Iban ini, kita telah mengetahui tentang corak hidup orang Iban yang masih lagi teguh menjalankan aktiviti pertanian penanaman padi huma, berburu dan masih lagi mengekalkan corak hidup yang mendiami rumah panjang. Secara tidak langsung, melalui cerita rakyat masyarakat Iban, kita mendapati bahawa orang Iban masih lagi kukuh memegang adat serta kepercayaan tradisi yang diwarisi dari nenek moyang mereka sampai ke hari ini. Lantas, atas dasar ingin membongkar rahsia ketinggian nilai cetusan pemikiran masyarakat tradisi, pada pendapat penulis amat perlu untuk cerita cerita rakyat khazanah bangsa ini diberi perhatian wajar dengan meneliti dan memberi interpretasi terhadap fungsi yang tersembunyi dibalik keseronokkan cerita. Apa yang paling penting ialah cerita atau bahan-bahan yang bakal dikaji memaparkan eleman tentang nilai kehidupan atau nilai kemasyarakatan masyarakat yang menghasilkannya. </text>
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