Browse Items · Rimbunan: Pangkalan Data Pengajian Melayu

Setakat ini para pengkaji kesustaraan Melayu meletakkan Hikayat Setia Asyik Kepada Maksyuknya yang kemudiannya dikenali sebagai Hikayat Faridah Hanum (HFH) sebagai novel Melayu yang pertama.

Perubahan Budaya Malaysia

Mengulas kesan globalisasi terhadap perubahan budaya Malaysia dan peranan tamadun berteraskan nilai murni

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Bagaimana Internet boleh jadi otak buana

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Bagaimana Internet boleh jadi otak buana

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Tokoh sains dunia: Archimedes (287-212 s.m.)

Archimedes bercita-cita menumpukan minatnya terhadap kerjayanya sebagai seorang ahli ilmu hisab falsafah, sambil meluasakan pengetahuan manusia dalam lapangan matematik.

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Aristotle (384-322 s.m.)

Aristotle kurang minat terhadap kemujaraban tatapi beliau merupakan seorang yang realis (berpegang pada kenyataan).

Text Adat negeri sembilan

Impilkasi nilai-nilai kebudayaan akibat daripada perindustrian dan pemodenan: dengan merujuk secara umum kepada sistem masyarakat adat perpatih di Negeri Sembilan

Menurut Edward Tylor, kebudayaan merupakan suatu yang komplek di mana termasuk pengetahuan,kepercayaan,kesenian,moral,undang-undang, adat resam dan lain-lain kemahiran serta tabiat manusia sebagai seorang ahli dalam masyarakat.

Text negeri sembilan perindustrian

Perkataan modenisasi selalu dikaitkan dengan...

" Perkataan modenisasi selalu dikaitkan dengan erti pembangunan dan perindustrian. Walaupun ketiga-tiga perkataan ini mempunyai konsep dan proses yang berlainan, akan tetapi ianya berkait rapat dengan aspek-aspek perubahan sosial. "

Text budaya tradisional

Kebudayaan luar iaitu khususnya budaya-industri...

" Kebudayaan luar iaitu khususnya budaya-industri yang mempunyai ciri-ciri tertentu seperti disiplin,mementingkan masa,mobiliti yang aktif dan lain-lain di mana demi memenuhi kehendak-kehendak atau tuntutan-tuntutan sistem pengeluaran dalam ekonomi. '"

Text adat perpatih negeri sembilan

Pengenalan corak hidup yang lebih berasaskan...

"Pengenalan corak hidup yang lebih berasaskan teknologi moden iaitu sebagai penggerak utama pertumbuhan pembangunan terutama perindustrian telah membawa bersama-sama seluruh masyarakat adat perpatih di Negeri Sembilan berlumba-lumba mengikut arus perubahan."

Text Melayu negeri sembilan

Hubungan sosial akan berlaku dalam waktu-waktu...

"Hubungan sosial akan berlaku dalam waktu-waktu tertentu yang didorong lebih oleh faktor-faktor peribadi. Fenomena ini jelas kelihatan pada kelompok masyarakat Melayu di Negeri Sembilan yang tinggal di kawasan-kawasan perumahan sama ada yang dibina oleh pihak kerajaan mahupun persendirian dan di bandar besar atau kecil."

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Ganjaran Allah bukan kebendaan saja

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The advancing strides of Indonesia women

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Women's life : Ideals and reality

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Keuniversalan Bahasa / Media Sandra Kasih

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Sistem panggilan dalam keluarga Melayu Thai di Kampung Tha-it, Nonthaburi, Thailand : kajian sosiolinguistik

Abstrak

Disertasi ini meneliti bahasa Melayu yang digunakan di kalangan penutur Melayu di Kampung Tha-it, Wilayah Nonthaburi, Thailand. Unsur yang menjadi tumpuan kajian ialah kata panggilan yang digunakan sesama mereka. Bab Imerupakan bab pendahuluan yang mengandungi tujuan kajian, permasalahan kajian yang menjadi perbincangan utama, kepentingan kajian, bidang kajjan, kajian-kajian terdahulu yang berkaitan dengan aspek kajian ini. Bab Il membicarakan latar belakang kajian termasuklah Negara Thailand, Wilayah Nonthaburi dan Kampung Tha-it yang merupakan kawasan kajian. Bab Ill membicarakan metodologi kajiarn dan kerangka teoretis. Kaedah penyelidikan yang digunakan adalah kaedah kepustakaan serta kaedah kerja lapangan. Dalam bab ini juga dibincangkan kerangka teoretis yang digunakan dalam penyelidikan dan dikuti dengan konsep-konsep penting kajian. Dalam Bab IV membincangkan data dapatan kajan. Dalam bab ini pengkaji mempersembahkan data yang didapati secara deskriptif untuk melihat pilihan perkataan yang sering digunakan oleh penduduk di kawasan kajian. Akhirnya dalam bab ini dikemukakan susunan sistem panggilan yang didapati. Bab V mengandungi perbincangan dapatan kajian dan perbincangan seterusnya merujuk kepada beberapa rumusan kajian dan saranan kajian masa depan.

Text aidilfitri duka ...4 more

Suka dan duka sambutan Aidilfitri

Masih belum terlambat untuk penulis mengucapkan selamat Hari Raya Aidilfitri kepada seluruh umat Islam di Malaysia.

Islam dalam perlembagaan persekutuan

"Sekiranya kita mengkaji Perlembagan Persekutuan secara sepintas lalu sahaja kita pasti akan menemui beberapa peruntukan yang menyentuh dan menyebut tentang agama islam."

Islam dan syariatnya pada zaman kegemilangan kesultanan Melayu

" Apabila ahli sejarah menyebut mengenai zaman kegemilangan Kerajaan melayu sebelum kedatangan penjajah Barat dan sejarah islam,..."

Kedudukan Islam semasa negeri-negeri Melayu dibawah jajahan Inggeris

" Kita sering membaca dalam buku-buku sejarah mengenai Tanah Melayu betapa Inggeris mengakui bahawa ia tidak akan campur tangan dalam adat istiadat Melayu dan Agama Islam..."

Status Islam Menurut Perlembagaan Persekutuan

"Perkara 3(1): Agama Islam ialah agama bagi Persekutuan; tetapi agama-agama lain boleh diamalkan dengan aman dan damai di mana-mana bahagian Persekutuan."

Kesultanan Melayu dan Islam

"Semenjak zaman Kesultanan Melayu Melaka, negeri-negeri Melayu adalah diperintah oleh Sultan-sultan Melayu yang beragama Islam. "

Text Pendidikan

Rezeki tiga pelajar tahfiz jadi imam, bilal tarawih

Tiga pelajar Maahad Tahfiz Al-Quran Al-Ahmad, bersyukur akan bertugas menjadi imam rawih di masjid atau surau berdekatan.

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Hak keistemewaan dalam Perlembagaan

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PDRM juarai Sayembara Puisi setelah 12 tahun

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Shadow on the page : Javanese wayang in comtemporary Indoensian literature

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The Royal Nobat of Kedah, Malaysia

Abstract

The nobat is the ensemble of the Malaysian sultanate. This thesis focuses on the ensemble in the northern state of Kedah. Today , the Malay Peninsula is the only region in the Isl amic world where this ensemble may sti11 be found. The nobat and its performance mark all royal occasions in Malaysia. In particular, in a language area where "being crowned" is substituted by "being drummed into kingship," dinobatkan, the Malay monarch is understood to be installed "by way of the nobat." Malay historiography declares that a monarch is not legitimate until enthroned by the nobat, after which he then rules

Text medicine

The children of Yemen: Bodies, medicalization, and Nation-Building

Provides a preliminary description, from an anthropological perspective, of what is called in Israel the "Yemenite children affair."

Text cancer heart disease ...2 more

Signifying the pandemics: Metaphors of AIDS, cancer, and heart disease

Offers a symbolic analysis of the cultural construction and signification of three of the major "pandemics" of the late 20th century: AIDS, cancer, and heart disease.

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Kemerdekaan menurut pandangan Islam

Text Army Government Plan ...2 more

The roles of the security forces in the first Malayan emergency, An analysis

By the end of February 1948, the MCP began their offensive by conducting hostilities, strikes and the intimidation of the people. During this period the BMA were collecting evidence against the Communist activities to curb the insurrection. Finally the government decided upon the State of Emergency to fight against the insurgents on 16 June 1948 with the killing of three Europeans managers in Sungai Siput, Perak and other series of murders and acts of sabotage happening in Malaya. Various actions were taken by the government to boost the security forces strength including the forming of Home Guard and the expansion of the police force such as the Special Constable, the Auxiliary Police, the Jungle Squads and the Special Branch. The Royal Air Force was also diversifying its role with the introduction of helicopters and its employment had enhanced the deployment of troops and air transportation of foods and equipment deep inside the jungle.

The government through Lt Gen Sir Harold Briggs introduced the Briggs Plan to deter and control the population from giving supports to the insurgents in new settlement areas called 'New Villages'. In 1952, the ground operations were intensified when Sir Gerald Templer took over command as the Director of Operation. He emphasized on 'Hearts and Mind' operation to get the support from the population in fighting against the insurgents. During this period the security forces were able to kill nearly 2,340 communists while the security forces suffered 937 killed. Finally on 17 July 1960, the government officially declared the end of the first emergency in Malaya.

Text ancaman komunis darurat ...1 more

Peranan pasukan keselamatan semasa darurat Malaysia pertama: Satu analisa

PKM di bawah kepimpinan Chin Peng telah memulakan pemberontakan bersenjata pada 17 Mac 1948 dengan melancarkan serangan gerila ke atas ladang-ladang getah dan kawasan pedalaman. Peristiwa pembunuhan 3 orang pengurus ladang di Sungai Siput, Perak pada 16 Jun 1948 telah membawa perubahan kepada peranan Pasukan Keselamatan di dalam menghapuskan pemberontakan PKM. Darurat diisytiharkan pada 17 Jun 1948 di negeri Perak dan diperluaskan ke seluruh Tanah Melayu.

Strategi dan perancangan yang dilaksankan oleh kerajaan telah membolehkan Pasukan Keselamatan bertindak dengan lebih berkesan. Rancangan Briggs yang mempunyai serampang dua mata ternyata nerkesan membendung pergerakan dan pengaruh komunis malah memberi ruang yang lebih luas kepada Pasukan Keselamatan menggunakan strategi dan taktik ketenteraan di dalam operasi-operasi bagi menghapuskan gerila PKM. Struktur organisasi kerajaan melalui penubuhan Majlis Perang Persekutuan yang mengkoordinasikan semua tindakan yang diambil oleh Tentera, Polis dan Pihak Berkuasa Awam telah membolehkan Pasukan Keselamatan merangka rancangan gerakan secara bersepadu.

Pasukan Keselamatan akhirnya berjaya mematahkan pemberontakan PKM, malah telah memberi pukulan teruk sehingga memaksa saki baki gerila PKM melarikan diri jauh ke dalam hitan dan ke sempadan Thailand. Setelah membut perimbangan ke atas keupayaan PKM, akhirnya Darurat telah diisytiharkan tamat oleh kerajaan pada 17 Julai 1960. Dengan berakhirnya Darurat, operasi Pasukan Keselamatan diteruskan oleh pasukan Polis dan Tentera Persekutuan Tanah Melayu tanpa bantuan daripada Tentera British dan Negara-negara Komanwel. Pasukan Polis Khas dan "Home Guard" turut dibubarkan.

Text changes in South Pacific conflicts ...6 more

Security issues of South and South Pacific Nations

South and South Pacific Nations constitutes one of the world's least important strategically during the cold war but the pattern begun to change especially in 1980s. The intrusion of Soviet Union into this region had alarmed and provoked the International observers. The United States presence was in response to Soviet Union interests in the region and subsequently the other external powers like Libya and French were also extended their interests. The political turmoil which seriously affected the South Pacific nations were occurred in the late 1980s where coup in Fiji, nationalists in New Caledonia which turned into violent and issues on Papua New Guinea/ Indonesia border. These phenomena welcome other external powers to increase their interest in this region.

The first chapter introduces the background of the Pacific Island states that shaped their policies. The complexity of security is discussed in Chapter Two that emphasis on the changes in the South Pacific. The activities of Super Powers, Soviet Union and United States in the region are highlighted in chapter three. In chapter four, the writer examined the roles and activities of France in New Caledonia and Libya's interest in the region which alarmed in most parts of the regions and international leaders. The last chapter, in chapter five, analyzes two internal conflicts or issues in which the issues in which the issue on Papua New Guinea/ Indonesian border had alarmed the regional power Australia. Fiji coup is also highlighted in this chapter.

Text Perang Badar Perang Bani al-Nadhir ...4 more

Peperangan Nabi Muhammad S.A.W. Satu analisa

Sebagai panglima perang Nabi Muhammad S.A.W. telah menghadapi ancaman dari musuh-musuh Islam mahupun dari luar atau dalam negeri. Bagi menghadapi ancaman keganasan dan pencerobohan Rasulullah telah menyusun strategi peperangan yang mantap. Selain itu, Rasulullah melatih orang-orang Islam dalam kemahiran menggunakan senjata dan taktik peperangan. Selain berlatih berperang baginda telah membentuk tenteranya di dalam pembersihan jiwa dengan bertaqwa dan beriman kepada Allah. Dengan keimanan ini tenteranya mempunyai disiplin yang tinggi serta daya ketahanan mental dan fizikal yang sukar diperolehi oleh tentera musuh. Semasa memimpin tenteranya di medan perang Rasulullah S.A.W. menghadapi kesukaran tetapi dengan kebijaksanaan, ketaqwaan, kesabaran dan kecekapan maka malapetaka dapat dielakkan dan disebaliknya kemenangan dicapai.

Oleh itu, amatlah penting bagi kita mempelajari dan memahami salasilah Rasulullah sebagai seorang manusia yang berdiri berhadapan kemungkaran dan kezaliman pada masa yang sama menyampaikan Risalah Allah. Beliau menghadapi segala tentangan, kesusahan, penyeksaan dan cercaan oleh bangsanya sendiri di Mekah tetapi Baginda menanggung semua itu dengan tabah dan sabar serta melayan musuh baginda dengan murah hati dan kasih sayang.

Text Penghijrahan Nabi Muhammad S.A.W.Penglibatan dalam peperangan ...3 more

Perjuangan Nabi Muhammad S.A.W. Satu analisa

Kepimpinan Nabi Muhammad S.A.W. terserlah sejak di Kota Mekah iaitu semasa pemindahan Hajar al-Aswad ke tempat asalnya di Kaabah. Baginda juga telah mengenalkan sistem syara iaitu musyawarah dalam semua bidang terutama dalam bidang politik dan ekonomi. Sbeagai perancang ekonomi Baginda memperkenalkan dasar ekonomi baru bagi menggantikan dasar ekonomi zaman Jahiliah iaitu menggalakkan umat Islam bekerja keras, bergiat dalam pertanian dan perniagaan. Sebagai pemimpin, tentera baginda telah menunjukkan kepimpinan yang tinggi dan contoh yang baik di kalangan umat Islam pada ketika itu.
Baginda menjadi pemimpin bagi setiap ekspedisi ketenteraan yang disertainya. Baginda sering mengamalkan sifat amanah dalam tugasnya sesuai dengan gelaran yang diterimanya iaitu "al-Siddiq, al-Amin".

Text budgetary challenges future emerging threats ...2 more

The United Nations Peacekeeping future challenges

The United Nations Peacekeeping operation are the issues to be looked forward in future. The dilemma faced by the United Nations and its member-states are influenced by the activities in a world divided by nations-states and subject to the assymetries of political, economic and military power.

Since the establishment, the UN has been involved in the endless regional conflicts. The United Nations, however is much more than a peacekeeper and forum for conflict resolution. Often without attracting attention, the United Nations and its family of agencies are engaged in a vast array of task that touches every aspect of people's live around the world.

There are many international issue which are complex and potentially dangerous for the maintenance of peace and security in this world. The first operation, in the form of an observer mission, was created in the Middle East in the 1948, the first United Nations peacekeeping forces also created in the Middle-East in 1956 to maintain peace and security in the problem of Palestine, which arose from conflicting claims of the Arab and Jewish over the future status of the territory.

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The military as an integrating force in nation-building

The military is an instrument that plays important roles and functions both during war and in peace time. During war, the role of the military is clear; to defend against the enemy attack or to recapture fallen territory. In peace time, the military train for war and to create a picture that the potential enemy will have a second thought to attack the country it is serving. The latter role is not very clear to the general public or the politicians, as such misunderstanding exists among non-intellectuals as to the role the military plays in nation building. Is ensuring national security part of nation building? Does nation building and national security be planned and executed independantly?

Many scholars agree that security plays an important part in any nation's development process. Military is the force that can ensure security beside the police force and other agencies of the Home Affairs Ministry. Security will stabilise the country and subsequently nation building will come.

Presently all countries have some form of military forces to defend the nation-states. Defense of nation state is the subset of national security. From the security provided by the military, Malaysia has achieved enormous success, in terms of political stability, economic prosperity and social cohesion. Military will continue to provide service as long as it is needed so as to allow Malaysia to strive forward and achieve the vision of turning her into a developed nation. While it aspires to be a developed nation, Malaysia does not neglect the need for national security for it is the foundation on which peace and prosperity is built.
However, Malaysia's emphasis on deterrence through diplomacy though politically justified, did not by itself provide the means to guarantee national integrity and the preservation of its sovereignty. For deterrence to be credible, it must not only be seen in physical form but also in the sustained will, resilience of its people and the ability to mobilize in shortest possible time its economic, social, psychological and military power of nation to meet a threat.

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Military in nation building : With special reference to Malaysia

Since Nation-State comes into being, men always strive to have a united nation of people. History witnesses this endeavor in many facts, the Nazi's and Serbian at one extreme and the liberal one on the other. Malaysia as a young Nation-State plural as it is, with the Malay as the main race does not resort to the approach of the Nazi or the Serb in her endeavor to become a nation of people. It has chosen to integrate the arrays of people into one but never it was an easy task however at the outset able to realize a society that is harmony and live as one entity identified as Malaysian. This success had been the contribution of many elements within, which not only had work hard toward the realization but also sacrifices a lot of their self interest. hence, therefore this paper discusses one of the significant elements that is the military roles and contribution toward the end.

The approach adopted for this paper is descriptive discussion base on Malaysian experience in the endeavor base on previously documented experience and to some extend some undocumented experience of Military officer and civilian who had involved in the subject.

This papers are divided into five chapters: the first introduce to subject on general terms of nation building in particular within the Southeast Asian nation. Second chapters unfold the variable that effect Malaysia quest in nation building. The third, dwell into the theoretical aspect of the subject attempt to survey why the military is involved. The forth describe the activities that are conducted by MAF in supporting the civil bureaucracy in nation building. Finally the fifth conclude the paper.

Text accountability and finance expand diplomacy ...3 more

United Nations: Issues and future challenges

The United Nations is a noble experiment in human co-operation . In a world that remains divided by many and diverse interests and attributes, the United Nations strives to articulate an inclusive vision : community among nations, common humanity among people, the singularity of our one Earth. The Charter of the United Nations drafted with the searing experience of history's two most destructive wars fresh in mind, embraced each of these aspirations and provided institutional instruments for these pursuit.

Even organisations with normal characteristics inevitably develop faults in their managerial and administrative structure over time. It is therefore hardly surprising that the United Nations, after fifty-four years of unprecedented global change should be in need of reform. As the Session of the General Assembly opened, a substantial number of member governments were convinced that such reforms were overdue. This paper analyses the current reform measures undertaken by various organs in the United Nations system.

The fundamental objective of this reform effort is to narrow the gap between accomplishment and aspiration. Reforming the machinery of the United Nations is no substitute for the willingness of Governments to use the organisations, or can it, by itself, bridge the very real differences in interests and power that exist among Member States.

Text Dialog Serantau Kerjasama Dua Hala ...2 more

Konflik tuntuan Kepulauan Spratly dari segi Undang-Undang Antarabangsa

Tuntuan bertindih ke atas Kepulauan Spratly di Laut China Selatan merupakan salah satu isu yang begitu lama untuk diselesaikan bahkan segala proses untuk menyelesaikan masih tertangguh di peringkat meja rundingan negara China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Malaysia, Filipina dan Brunei merupakan negara yang terlibat secara langsung di atas perebutan kepulauan Spratly. China, Taiwan dan Vietnam menuntut Spratly berdasarkan kepada Undang-Undang Antarabangsa yang berasaskan penggembaraan dan pendudukan (discovery and occupation) manakala Filipina menuntutnya berdasarkan perolehan penemuan (prescriptive acquisition).

Pada tahun 1982, Konvensyen Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu bagi Undang-Undang Laut (United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea - UNCLOS III) telah memperkenalkan konsep Zon Ekonomi Eksklusif (Exclusive Economic Zone - EEZ) dan Pelantar Benua (Continental Shelf) dengan penetapan 200 batu nautika dan 12 batu nautika dalam lingkungan tuntutan wilayah laut. Malaysia dan Brunei menuntut sebahagian daripada wilayah kepulauan Spratly berdasarkan penetapan tersebut.

Kertas kajian ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengutarakan dan meneliti isu yang merangkumi asas-asas tuntutan bertindih Kepulauan Spratly dan membincangkan cara yang terbaik dalam menyelesaikan konflik tuntutan bertindih di Gugusan Spratly. Tuntuan Kepulauan Spratly merupakan salah satu isu yang begitu kompleks untuk diselesaikan secara mendalam khususnya dalam aspek Undang-undang Antarabangsa dan Undang-undang Laut yang melibatkan negara yang menuntutnya.

Text Perdamaian Perjanjian ...2 more

Peperangan Nabi Muhammad S.A.W. : Satu analisa

Kebanyakan Angkatan Tentera di dunia masa ini menggunapakaikan strategi, teknik dan taktik yang dikaji dalam peperangan dunia pertama dan kedua serta di masa perang dingin. Tidak banyak yang dipelajari mengenai peperangan-peperangan yang diterajui oleh Panglima-panglima Perang Islam khususnya Rasulullah S.A.W. sendiri, sedangkan kegemilangan serta keagungannya amat terserlah sehinggakan empayar Islam telah berkembang dan menakluk hampir 2/3 dari muka bumi ini. Namun demikian tanpa disedari strategi, teknik dan taktik peperangan Islam telah dikaji oleh kebanyakan strategist-strategist Barat dan diubah-suaikan untuk dijadikan prinsip peperangan moden masa kini.

Apabila Allah S.W.T. telah membenarkan peperangan, pelbagai prinsip dan strategi telah ditunjukkan kepada Baginda Muhammad S.A.W. Justeru itu, peperagan Baginda merupakan satu konsep peperangan yang harus diikuti oleh tentera Islam untuk mengelakkan manusia daripada kehancuran dan kemusnahan. Ini adalah kerana peperangan di zaman Rasulullah S.A.W. mengikut lunas-lunas perundangan, peri kemanusian dan bukannya bersifatkan hasad dengki, balas dendam, angkuh dan sombong dengan kemampuan serta kebolehan yang dimilikinya.

Oleh itu adalah amat penting kajian yang teliti lagi mendalam perlu dilaksanakan khususnya Angkatan Tentera negara-negara Islam agar kita sentiasa mematuhi unsur dan garis panduan yang ditetapkan oleh Islam melalui pertempuran-pertempuran oleh Baginda Rasulullah S.A.W. Dari itu, kajian ini dibuat adalah untuk menganalisa secara am apakah strategi, teknik, taktik dan lain-lain faktor telah digunapakaikan sehingga membawa kejayaan begitu cemerlang hingga menjadi ikutan oleh kebanyakan pemimpin tentera masa kini. Kegimilangan zaman kebangkitan Islam akan kembali menyinar sekiranya umat Islam sama-sama mengembleng fikiran dan tenaga menganalisa zaman perjuangan khususnya peperangan Rasulullah S.A.W. untuk digunapakai bagi negara Islam.

Text bilateral defence relationship BITACG ...2 more

A study on defence cooperation between Malaysia and United States
A Malaysian Perspective

The relationship between Malaysia and United States has been going on for quite a number of years. Militarily, the relationship or cooperation has developed since 1960s. The defence cooperation between Malaysia and United States has grown into a matured and solid partnership. At present, BITACG are the links between both armed forces. This arrangement and program have and will continue to see greater cooperation and relationship between both nations. The future of this cooperation is also highlighted.

Text Kesultanan Melayu Melaka Pendudukan Jepun ...1 more

Sistem pertahanan Melayu sejak tahun 1400 sehingga tahun 1990-an

Kajian "Sistem Pertahanan Melayu: Mulai 1400 sehingga sekarang" bukan sahaja dilihat dari sudut keselamatan atau berkaitan ketenteraan semata-mata. Malah ianya mencakupi skop yang lebih meluas yang merangkumi struktur dan bentuk pemerintahan, kuasa-kuasa politik, adat resam, budaya sosial, sosio-ekonomi dan tamadun Melayu secara keseluruhannya bermula sejak 1400 iaitu era keujudan Kesultanan Melayu Melaka hingga sekarang. Dalam erti kata yang lain kertas kajian ini mengkaji sejauh mana wujudnya ketuanan Melayu.

Beberapa persoalan perlu difikirkan dengan warasnya dan dijawab oleh pembaca. Walau bagaimanapun tinggi atau teguhnya ketahanan dan tamadun Melayu, hakikatnya adalah bangsa Melayu mampu mempertahankannya daripada serangan dan pengaruh Barat. Barat bukan sahaja dapat merampas wilayah-wilayah Melayu secara fizikal tetapi ciri-ciri tamadun Melayu sendiri telah diserang dan dimusnahkan sehingga orang Melayu adanya yang tidak lagi kenal aspek-aspek tertentu dan tamadun Melayu. Tamadun sesuatu bangsa tidak terbentuk dalam sekelip mata. Oleh itu kita harus faham tamadun sesuatu bangsa mengambil masa yang lama mungkin beratus-ratus tahun untuk dibentuk.

Penjajahan yang berlaku ke atas bangsa Melayu harus dijadikan iktibar dan pengajaran supaya kesilapan-kesilapan yang lalu dapat dihindarkan dari berulang lagi.

Text peace and stability regional cooperation ...2 more

Security Issues of South and South Pacific Nations

The South Pacific Region stretches 17,000 km in longitude from Australia in the west to South America in the east and 7000 km latitude from equator to Antarctic Ocean. In addition to two metropolitan countries of Australia and New Zealand, there are nine other states namely Fiji, Kiribati, Nauru, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu and Western Samoa. Another two, Niue and the Cook Island are self governing in free association with New Zealand. French Polynesia and New Caledonia are under compact free associations with US. The South Pacific region generally can be divided into three broad grouping: Melanesia in the west, Polynesia in the east and Micronesia in the north. The total land area of these island is 976,047 square kilometres. This paper will not go through the background of every nations in this region but only to certain country that have significant impact on the regional security and probably alien to ordinary reader.

Text intra-Korean relations Korean war ...1 more

The Korean Peninsula : Prospect of Unification

Korean peninsula had a long history of unification under Koryo and Chosan Dynasty before she was annexed by the Japanese in 1910. Although Korea was liberated from Japanese rule at the end of World War II, but she became the victim of Cold War ideological conflict that led to the formation of two separate states in 1948 divided along the 38th parallel. In the south, the Republic of Korea was formed while in the north, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea was installed.

The division of the peninsula was further consolidated when the North launched an attack to the South, which triggered the Korean War in 1950 and raged until 1953. However, the devastating conflict was ended by an armistice agreement signed on July 27, 1953 which established the Demilitarised Zone (DMZ) that now divides the peninsula. As a result, millions of Koreans were separated from their families, enmity and tension within the nation was created and the sense of national community that had been developed over several thousand years was destroyed. The mistrust between the South and the North became far more deeply entrenched.

Since its division, there were numbers of intra-Korean talks, dialogues and negotiation has been put into placed. The first formal agreement, the Joint Communique between South and North Korea dialogue was signed in 1972 to pursue unification through independent effort, peaceful means and great national unity. Then followed by the Agreement on Reconciliation, Non-Aggression and Exchanges and Cooperation (commonly known as Basic Agreement) signed on February 1992 which define intra-Korean relations not being a relationship between states but a special interim relationship stemming from the process towards unification. In the same year also, Joint Declaration of the Denuclearisation of the Korean peninsula was signed as an effort to free the peninsula from any nuclear threat.

Text Integrasi Nasional zaman penjajahan ...1 more

The Malay defence system

Alan Renswick dan Ian Swinburn dalam buku mereka (K.Ramanathan, 1987), "Basic political Concept", membahagikan kuasa kepada tiga bahagian iaitu kuasa politik, kuasa ekonomi dan kuasa ketenteraan. Kuasa politik ditakrifkan sebagai nadi penggerak utama dalam masyarakat dan tidak boleh digugat. Kuasa ekonomi pula disifatkan sebagai satu "compensatory power" di mana orang akan patuh kepada yang berkuasa dengan harapan mendapat satu ganjaran. Selanjutnya, kuasa ketenteraan adalah merupakan ukuran kepada kekuatan. Dalam konteks ini ketiga-tiga elemen di atas adalah berkait rapat antara satu dengan lain dan memberi sumbangan dan mempunyai pengaruh besar kepada Sistem Pertahanan sesebuah negara.

Menyentuh tentang masyarakat negara kita Malaysia, komunitinya adalah terdiri daripada berbagai kaum yang kini menuju ke arah negara-bangsa (nation-state) yang berorientasikan perkongsian secara bersama di bawah wadah yang dikenali sebagai Integrasi Nasional. Melalui bukunya "Pentadbiran Awam: Asas pemikiran dan falsafah" (Ahmad Atory Hussain, 1990) tidak menyentuh langsung tentang Polisi Pertahanan Negara dan sehingga hari ini polisi tersebut tidak jelas tetapi sekurang-kurangnya mampu ditafsirkan di dalam Dasar Pertahanan Negara.

Penerokaan terhadap kajian "Sistem Pertahanan Melayu: Mulai 1400 sehingga sekarang" tidak hanya dipandang kepada sudut keselamatan sahaja, tetapi juga turut merangkumi corak pemerintahan, kuasa politik dan sosioekonomi Melayu bermula dari zaman kegemilangan Kerajaan Melayu Melaka sehingga sekarang.

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