Browse Items · Rimbunan: Pangkalan Data Pengajian Melayu

"Carey (1976) mentakrif 'asli' adalah daripada perkataan Arab iaitu Asali atau Original. Semasa pemerintahan British Orang Asli di panggil Sakai, manakala orang Inggeris memanggil masyarakat Orang Asli sebagai aborigines. Menurut Jasman Ahmad dan Rosnah Ramli (1997), istilah aborigines lebih membawa makna sebagai masyarakat mundur, primitif dan masih tidak membangun. Kerajaan Malaysia telah menukar istilah tersebut kepada Orang Asli yang lebih menjurus kepada kehidupan yang moden dan tidak menyentuh sikap negatif masyarakat tersebut."

Text alam sekitar orang asli ...1 more

Sungai yang menjadi nadi kehidupan kepada masyarakat Orang Asli di...

"Sungai yang menjadi nadi kehidupan kepada masyarakat Orang Asli di kawasan ini juga turut tercemar terutamanya dari Sungai telum ke Kuala Medang. Pencemaran ini berpunca dari pembangunan dan kegiatan pertanian di bahagian atas Cameron Highlands yang mengakibatkan struktur tanah bukit tersebut mengalami hakisan dan jatuh ke dalam sungai. Keadaan ini menyebabkan air sungai berwarna coklat kemerahan seperti 'air teh susu' yang agak pekat. Ia menjejaskan keindahan sungai tersebut dan menggugat potensi pelancongan yang ada padanya. Sungai-sungai di kawasan ini direntangi dengan jambatan atau titi yang diperbuat daripada buluh dan rotan yang tidak kuat struktur binaanya untuk menjadi laluan penduduk dan pelancong yang datang ke kawasan ini."

Text cina Melayu ...1 more

Sepanjang laluan antara Robinson Fall sehingga Kuala Medang, tidak terdapat penempatan orang Cina kerana...

"Sepanjang laluan antara Robinson Fall sehingga Kuala Medang, tidak terdapat penempatan orang Cina kerana kawasan tersebut adalah kawasan pedalaman yang didiami oleh Orang Asli. Namun begitu, kadangkala orang Cina akan masuk ke kawasan tersebut atas beberapa urusan contohnya jual beli dan sebagainya. Kuala Medangh merupakan satu kawasan tanah rendah yang menjadi tumpuan kepada kebanyakan penduduk Orang Asli di pedalaman. Majoriti kaum di sini adalah masyarakat Melayu. "

Text Ekonomi Kewangan ...2 more

Kebanyakan Orang Asli di sini bekerja dengan...

"Kebanyakan Orang Asli di sini bekerja dengan jabatan kerajaan seperti Jabatan Kerja Raya; Jabatan Bomba dan beberapa jabatan lain. Selain itu, mereka juga bekerja dalam industri pelancongan dan sesetengahnya pula mula mengambil peluang untuk membuka tanah pertanian secara komersial. Terdapat juga Orang Asli yang bekerja di Kilang Boh bersama-sama dengan warga India, Nepal dan Bangladesh. Kebanyakan Orang Asli bekerja hanya untuk tujuan sara diri walaupun bekerja di sekitar Tanah rata. Apa yang dimaksudkan di sini ialah, gaji yang mereka perolehi untuk bulan tertentu akan dihabiskan dalam masa beberapa hari sahaja, tidak untuk tujuan simpanan bagi persediaan masa tua."

Text orang asli perkahwinan

Mengikut adat lama, ada di antara mereka telah ditentukan jodohnya sejak...

"Mengikut adat lama, ada di antara mereka telah ditentukan jodohnya sejak dari kecil melalui ikatan pertunangan. Bagi pertunangan yang dilakukan semasa kecil lagi, biasanya berlaku di kalangan keluarga dan saudara mara yang rapat. Terdapat juga pasangan yang berkahwin campur iaitu percampuran antara dua suku kaum. Jika keadaan ini berlaku, pihak lelaki akan memasuki suku kaum perempuan. Sebagai contoh, jika pihak perempuan dari suku kaum Semai, suami dan anak-anaknya juga akan menjadi suku kaum Semai. Pemilihan calon menantu adalah berdasarkan kepada kriteria tertentu. Bagi memilih calon menantu lelaki, lelaki tersebut hendaklah rajin dan kuat bekerja, pandai membuat rumah, bijak menjerat binatang, pandai menangkap ikan, boleh membuat nyiru serta pandai mengasap kemenyan sekiranya anaknya demam atau sakit. Manakala bagi menantu perempuan pula mestilah rajin ke ladang menggali ubi, rajin mengutip sayur, memasak nasi, mencari kayu api, pandai menganyam tikar, boleh menampi padi serta bijak mengendalikan rumah tangga."

Text Ekonomi orang asli

Sebahagian besar penduduk di perkampungan Orang Asli di...

"Sebahagian besar penduduk di perkampungan Orang Asli di sepanjang laluan balak dan denai bermula dari Kuala Boh sehingga ke Kuala Medang menjalankan aktiviti memancing dan pemburuan. Mereka memancing di sungai-sungai berhampiran seperti di Sungai Koyan untuk dijadikan bahan makanan. Antara peralatan yang digunakan untuk memancing adalah peralatan tradisional seperti bubu, lukah/jala. Jenis ikan yang bhiasa mereka peroleh adalah baung, kealh dan sebagainya."

Text infrastruktur orang asli ...1 more

Masyarakat Orang Asli sangat mengharapkan...

"Masyarakat Orang Asli sangat mengharapkan kemudahan infrastruktur sampai ke kampung mereka. Mereka mahu pihak kerajaan menyediakan prasarana-prasarana seperti jalan raya, kemudahan telefon dan sebagainya yang dapat memperbaiki kehidupan mereka. Sekiranya kemudahan infrastruktur ini dapat dipertingkatkan, sudah tentu kehidupan mereka bertambah baik."

Text kepercayaan kristian ...1 more

Hanya penduduk Kampung Lanai sahaja yang menganuti agama...

"Hanya penduduk Kampung Lanai sahaja yang menganuti agama Kristian di sepanjang laluan Jerry '02. Mereka telah dikristiankan tiga tahun lalu oleh seorang mubaligh Kristian. Mereka menyertai kristian secara beramai-ramai. Sebelum menganuti agama Kristian mereka mengamalkan kepercayaan animisme dan berpegang teguh kepada kepercayaan nenek moyang mereka sahaja. Terdapat 108 orang penganut agama Kristian di kampung ini dan lebih 40 orang terdiri daripada orang dewasa."

Text orang asli Pendidikan

Setiap sekolah di perkampungan Orang Asli dibekalkan dengan guru-guru...

"Setiap sekolah di perkampungan Orang Asli dibekalkan dengan guru-guru terlatih daripada KPM. Setakat ini, atas faktor keselamatan dan kesesuaian, hanya guru-guru lelaki sahaja yang dihantar dan mereka merupakan lepasan maktab pergurusan. Guru-guru ini pula datangnya dari pelbagai negeri dan majoritinya adalah Melayu. Selain itu, keutaamaan juga diberikan kepada guru-guru daripada kalangan masyarakat Orang Asli sendiri untuk menjadi guru di sini."

Text orang asli technology

Pengenalan kepada teknologi di kalangan masyarakat Orang Asli pada...

"Pengenalan kepada teknologi di kalangan masyarakat Orang Asli pada masa kini telah membawa perubahan dan kemajuan besar dalam pembentukan satu komuniti yang maju setanding dengan masyarakat lain di Malaysia. Antara elemen penting dalam pemodenan ialah wujudnya penggunaan bahan tenaga seperti elektrik. Dengan wujudnya banyak kekangan kemudahan dan modal, penggunaan janakuasa dan sistem solar dikenalpasti sebagai sumber tenaga elektrik yang kini digunapakai di kawasan pedalaman hutan sekitar Banjaran Titiwangsa, Pahang."

Text history Malaysia ...1 more

By the 17th century, the Dutch were...

"By the 17th century, the Dutch were governing Malacca. A Dutch official named Menie wrote that the local Orang Asli, called Benua, refused to live in Malacca, even though they were given food and clothing whenever they visited it. Within a few years the Benua had retreated inland, because enroaching Minangkabau colonists from Sumatra took o capturing them, carrying them off, and keeping them in bondage."

Text orang asli

However, Orang Asli women sometimes...

"However, Orang Asli women sometimes had other priorities. Arlech, who lived in the Ulu Plus, was delegated by an her group's headman to assist a British traveler camping with them, carrying water up from the river for him, collecting his firewood, and the like. But it seemed she lacked "maidenly modesty", since she wore only a loincloth and was embellished with face paint, a nose qill, a monkey-teeth necklace, and earplugs of dried leaves. The headman considered her a beautiful virgin but Knocker, the visitor, was not impressed."

Text kepercayaan orang asli

In many Orang Asli stories, the...

"In many Orang Asli stories, the first humans were immortal. They and other early ancestors still are immortal, but their descendants are not. For the Jahai, the immortals live on fruits and other plant foods. A nectar-like substance, instead of hot blood, flows through their bodies. They know not sexual acts but produce children from the juice of ginger leaves."

Text orang asli women

Orang Asli women did become...

"Orang Asli women did become known to some Europeans as hard workers. For example, it was reported that on a journey they carried children, household necessities, and perhaps even some chickens or a puppy. Some English expedition men were impressed that young Orang Asli women "tenderly" carried the family dogs on their treks. Skeat wrote that then men do the necessary brute-force work and the women "do all the rest.""

Text kepercayaan orang asli

Once when I was ill with...

"Once when I was ill with a piercing pain in my chest that made it difficult to breathe, Sennebreb diagnosed this a pacok. Pacok is the piercing of the heart by small wooden needles that fly freely through the air, sent by shamans from other Orang Asli groups, such as the Temiar and Semai. They can hit a person arbitrarily. Pacok is dangerous and may cause death in a few days if no curing ritual occurs."

Text orang asli Pendidikan

Tanyogn had less success imposing her wishes on...

"Tanyogn had less success imposing her wishes on children. She became extremely nervous when children climbed trees and would call to them to come down before they fell. She cited a case of a man who fell out of a tree and broke his leg. The children always ignored her and everyone else who urged them to come down. Since independence was part of Batek's life, she and the other adults accepted that the children didn't obey them. Rather than punishing the children, they tried to make them aware of the dangers and hoped for the best."

Text gaya hidup orang asli ...1 more

Marriage is primarily regarded as a cooperative...

"Marriage is primarily regarded as a cooperative union in which the couple form a self-sufficient economic unit. together they can accomplish all the tasks necessary for survival: clearing and planting new fields, hunting, fishing, gathering, house-building, cooking and child rearing. Even when more than one couple lives in a settlement-and this is the usual case-each married couple performs these tasks separately, rather than forming work groups based on gender. Some jobs tend to be regarded as predominantly female or male tasks, but there is nothing that structurally prevents overlap. Hunting is the main male domain and food preparation and child-rearing the female one."

Text cina Malay ...2 more

Some women had ne never ventured outside...

"Some women had ne never ventured outside the forest and refused to do so on the grounds that Malay and Chinese men would try to attack or harrass them. When the occasional Malay or Chinese (always men) entered the forest, all the people of a settlement fled in panic at their approach. If taken unawares by intruders, the women immediately pull up their sarongs to cover their breasts. They know that naked breasts are regarded as unacceptable by Malays and Chinese, and they believe that the sight of them is likely to provoke the men to attack."

Text economy orang asli ...1 more

The women, by contrast, did...

"The women, by contrast, did not own a single piece of audio equipment. If their personal belongings had increased, it was because their husbands had chosen to given them things. With few exceptions, the women had stopped producing the smaller cane for sale, saying that it was not worth it."

Text economy gaya hidup ...1 more

In agriculture, a gendered division of labor...

"In agriculture, a gendered division of labor is also important: men fell the large trees, women slash the underbrush; men fire the swidden; men use dibble sticks to punch holes in the soil for the rice and legume seeds while women follow with a small seed basket attached to a string around their waists and drop a few grains into each hole. Both sexes plant cuttings from vegetatively propagated plants, such as cassava, banana, and tuba (Derris spp.). Both weed-to the extent that weeding is done."

Text health orang asli ...1 more

The earliest reports on the health...

"The earliest reports on the health of Orang Asli women appeared after 1945. By the 1960s maternal health care was a thriving part of the Gombak Hospital scene and problems such as maternal anemia, undernutrition, and associated perinatal death were obvious. By the 1990s critical problems in Orang Asli women's health had been well documented. Apparently few of these problems have been effectively addressed by the health-care system, according to many reports."

Text health kemudahan ...1 more

Veeman (1986/97) also acknowledged...

"Veeman (1986/97) also acknowledged that medical posts did exist in some remote areas, "flying doctors" did provide curative services, malaria teams did go out to villages at times, and field trips were made from Gombak Hospital to accessible sites for outpatient services, immunizations, health education, and maternal and child care."

Text health orang asli

Life expectancy at birth is...

"Life expectancy at birth is lower for Orang Asli females than for males and also lower than that for either sex in the West Malaysian population as a whole. In 1985 the life expectancy for Orang Asli females was 52 years, versus 54 years for males (Ng et al., 1992)."

Text marriage orang asli

Even when we marry,...

"Even when we marry, the elders reinforce the belief in the couple as a single, cooperating unit. Part of the wedding ceremony, the nyampak, for those never before married, teaches the couple about how they are to work in unison. The nyampak is a ritual which reinforces the concept of working in unison through the metaphor of physical movement (Nowak, 1987: 122)."

Text kepercayaan orang asli ...1 more

My mother is a very strong woman. She...

"My mother is a very strong woman. She was a midwife who learned her skills from her mother. In the past, most villages had several midwives. Midwives are very respected community members. They must be strong and not be afraid of blood, a powerful, hence scary element. Blood is such a powerful object that my grandfather, who shamans because they have a direct and immediate path through their blood to speak with the spirits. Such a path is not available to men."

Text gaya hidup marriage ...1 more

I wonder whether the Btsisi'...

"I wonder whether the Btsisi' ideology of equity and cooperation will be possible, especially if husbands and wives no longer work together as partners in their daily activities. Working together every day as partners requires respect and friendship. If husbands and wives no longer can work together and share in their daily experiences, I wonder whether the close relationship I had with Jelang and my mother had with her husband will exist for my granddaughters."

Text kepercayaan Muzik ...2 more

Hubungan intim di antara manusia dan hutan yang dihuninya hanya boleh difahami di...

"Hubungan intim di antara manusia dan hutan yang dihuninya hanya boleh difahami di dalam seni tari dan muzik Orang Asli sekiranya sistem kepercayaan leluhur masyarakat peribumi tersebut juga diketahui sepenuhnya. Begitu juga halnya di kalangan masyarakat Orang Asli jika seandainya mereka meminggirkan hubungan di antara roh dan semangat hutan di dalam Sewang, persembahan tersebut tidak membawa sebarang makna, kecuali sebuah pergelaran simbolik dan representatif.|"

Text bumiputera orang asli ...3 more

The term Bumiputra in...

"The term Bumiputra in the Malaysian sense can be translated into "indigenous" or "native". In the figure above, the Orang Asli are indigenous people together with Malays and the Non-Malay Bumiputera. At the same time, there is also the sense given to the term "indigenous peoples", who are defined as "a special kind of ethnic minority" (in Maybury-Lewis and MacDonald, in Denton at al., 1997, p. viii) - a definition not in line with that given in the Oxford Dictionary quoted above which gives indigenous as equivalent to native."

Text orang asli orang melayu

Given our understanding of the origin of the word sakai...

"Given our understanding of the origin of the word sakai as outlined above, we are not able to agree with Couillard's opinion that the word has its source in Sanskrit sakhi with the meaning "friend, companion, comrade" (quoted from Dentan et al., p. 52) The Sanskrit word and its meaning is correct, but it is unlikely that it had been borrowed by Malay speakers into their language to convey a meaning which is already found in a number of native words such as "kawan, rakan, teman, saingan"."

Text gaya hidup orang asli ...1 more

Conditions have changed...

"Conditions have changed since the last decades of the 20th century. There are no hunters and gatherers any more. The people can choose to stay put in the jungle areas where they used to live, or to re-locate to housing areas outside their erstwhile natural environments, such that they are closer to the other communities, such as the Malays and the Chinese. Either way, houses are built for them by the government through the Department of Orang Asli Affairs."

Text orang asli

"Orang Asli" is a term used only...

""Orang Asli" is a term used only in Malaysia to refer to the aborigines. In Malaysia's view they are an integral part of the peoples of Malaysia, just like the other indigenous (Bumiputra) groups (Figure 1.1), and if there are orang Melayu, orang Iban, orang Kadazandusun etc., so there are Orang Asli. The only difference is that both the components in the lexical item Orang Asli have to be written with uppercase 'O' and 'A', and Asli (an adjective) cannot stand on its own as a label to a group of people. The grammatical cohesion of these two components in conveying a specific meaning is so tight that they have to be given equal treatment in graphic presentation."

Text orang asli

The Malaysia must have known the Jakun...

"The Malaysia must have known the Jakun from earlier times, by the very name Jakun. In Malay idioms, anything that refers to an aspect of folkways that was considered unMalay, or deeply rural, was said to be "Jakun". This idiom is no longer in use, for two reasons. Firstly, the Malays themselves have realised that it is rude and crude to use such langauge, and parents as well as editors of publications have taken unto themselves to see that expressions that denigrate a particular group, not just the Jakun, are wiped out of usage. Secondly, people's perception as transmitted by such idioms does not reflect the Jakun of today who have come out of the jungles and live in settlements next to the Malays and other races of Malaysia, with some in the urban or semi-urban centres."

Text orang asli

There may be several factors for the stark difference in the population figures for the Kanak...

"There may be several factors for the stark difference in the population figures for the Kanak, and the Jakun and Temuan. One is that even from the beginning of their settlement in Malaya, the Kanak were a much smaller group compared to the other two. This can be deduced from historical records that they were a small group who split from their community in the islands south of Singapore and came to Johor about 200 years ago (Carey, 1976). On the other hand, the other two groups had arrived much earlier than them, and had a much longer period of time to build their communities in more than one location, compared to the Kanak whose settlement is restricted to Bukit Tinggi, Johor."

Text orang asli sejarah

According to Malay texts, the Orang Seletar...

"According to Malay texts, the Orang Seletar have their kinsmen in the Riau-Lingga Archipelago. This group of islands as well as Singapore were once part of the Malay Johor-Riau empire. Singapore was ceded to the British in 1819. And following the Anglo-Dutch Treaty or 1824, the whole of Riau-Lingga Archipelago came under Dutch rule and later part of Indonesia."

Text orang asli orang laut

The Adang archipelego consists of several islands in the...

"The Adang archipelego consists of several islands in the Andaman Sea, and the biggest of them all is the one that bears the name "Pulau Adang". The Urak Lawoi' inhabit only three of these islands, and these are Pulau Adang, Pulau Lipe', and Pulau Rawi, all of which are close to the mainland, the Province of Satun, and 64 nautical miles to Malaysia's Langkawi Islands in the south."

Text Asia Tenggara Islam ...2 more

Hikayat Awang Sulong Merah Muda is an epic tale...

"Hikayat Awang Sulong Merah Muda is an epic tale of a scion of an Orang Laut family who rose to become the Sultan of Semarang, Java through his marriage to a Javanese princess. This part of the tale may not have any historical truth, but what comes out of the story is the existence of Orang Asli communities throughout the west coast of the Malay Peninsula from Kedah right down to Johor. The whole story pictures each Orang Asli community in each place ruled by chiefs, known as Batin. None in the story bears a Muslim name, but in their invocations they use the name of Allah and verses from the Quran."

Text Austronesia bahasa ...1 more

The term "language" used here is...

"The term "language" used here is one that is general in nature, i. e. a speech system that is the medium of communication of a particular community. With the meaning given, a speech system can be a language or a dialect of the language. Hence, the Jakun language is that of the Jakun, the Seletar language that of the Orang Seletar, and so on. However, as these languages have been placed in the category of Malayic, meaning that they have a close affinity with Malay, the question arises is: How close are these speech systems to Malay?"

Text Austronesia bahasa ...1 more

So far we have been using the concepts of "Malayic"...

"So far we have been using the concepts of "Malayic" and "non-Malayic" in our reference to the Austronesian Orang Asli. The two concepts signal proximity and distance respectively between these speech systems and Malay. There is no definite percentage score in the cognates as a value in determining whether a particular language is Malayic or non-Malayic. The two terms came into being when linguists working on Austronesian languages encountered speech systems which are close to Malay, or sound almost like Malay, but are not dialects of Malay."

Text bahasa orang asli

Also from the result of the lexicostatistical test, Duano...

"Also from the result of the lexicostatistical test, Duano is found to be a language in its own right, not a dialect of Malay as claimed by certain scholars (e. g. Mohd Sharifuding, 2013). This finding contradicts another claim that there is no non-Malayic Austronesian language in the Malay Peninsula. Duano has proven to be one such language, although its arrival in the peninsula is probably relatively recent."

Text bahasa orang asli

Compared to the Austronesian Orang Asli...

"Compared to the Austronesian Orang Asli, there are fewer records of the Austroasiatic counterpart. The Orang Asli recorded in Hikayat Abdullah in Singapore and Melaka were those of the Austronesian family. According to Benjamin (1968, p. 1), "there are virtually no historical records of any value" of their settlement in the hill areas of northern Malaya. Archeologists and historians have pictured their arrival and settlement using clues in the form of archaelogical artefacts found in Perak, Kelantan and Pahang. But we will leave the archaelogical facts aside as it is not within our expertise."

Text bahasa orang asli

As knowledge concerning the Austroasiatic Orang Asli...

"As knowledge concerning the Austroasiatic Orang Asli is available mostly in the works of anthropologists, it is to be expected that their findings and conclusions on the division of these peoples into various tribes are accepted and used by the Malaysian government. Austronesian, is given in the 2014 cencus of these peoples as shown in Table 5.1 in this chapter. The three divisions consisting if Negrito, Senoi, and Melayu-Proto are linguistically relevant in the sense that they also represent three different linguistic groups."

Text orang asli orang melayu

The Land Orang Asli...

"The Land Orang Asli consisting only of the Jakun, the Kanak and the Temuan, are found only in the Malay Peninsula. It has been the tradition among scholars when writing about them to place them in the umbrella group of the Malayan aborigines, who are divided into the three categories of Negrito, Senoi and Proto-Malays. The last category is used to differentiate them from the other Malays (who are given the label "Deutero-Malays")."

Text Malaysia orang asli

The question of whether the Orang Asli were the first...

"The question of whether the Orang Asli were the first to step foot on the Malay Peninsula has been a moot point among scholars of the history of the peninsula. However, as explained in Chapter 1, there is good reason for retaining the term in Malaysia. As linguistics, Ferdinand de Saussure, which says that language is arbitrary and conventional, and from there to a later theory which says that language is relative, never absolute. On the coining of the term Orang Asli, we believe it was done in full consciousness with the objective of making the people bond with the other Bumiputra."

Text kepemimpinan orang asli ...1 more

Malay texts tell of...

"Malay texts tell of the existence of suku or tribes. Each suku is identified with a batin or a penghulu, who got into the good books of the Sultan and was awarded with a maritime region out of which he could build his authority and wealth. Hence, a penghulu or a batin was identified with a region, no matter how small it was. So the highest level was occupied by the chiefs, some of whom bore the title of Raja, or Tok (short form of Datuk or Datu)"

Text orang asli orang laut

The people earn their common-noun...

"The people earn their common-noun label "sea-gypsies" due to their way of life of living in wooden boats (the kabang) and temporary huts, and foraging for food. The fish they catch from the sea using nets are for their own consumption, and mostly for the purpose of bartering for other goods in the local markets. Hogan writing in 1972 gives an interesting account of the Moken and Moklen, as he does for the Urak Lawoi'."

Text orang asli orang laut

Orang Asli (original people) is...

"Orang Asli (original people) is a Malay term currently in use for small ethnolinguistic groups living on mainland Malay Peninsula and the islands around it. It is a direct translation of the English word aborigines, but this label was strictly used by the British to refer only to those living on the mainland. Those living in the islands and roamed the seas were seen as a separate group and were called "sea-people" or "sea-gypsies"."

Text orang asli population

The Jah Hut is also a small tribe, and...

"The Jah Hut is also a small tribe, and they are all found in Pahang. Writing in 1976, Carey says there were about 2000 of them, a figure which does not seem to show any increase from the onw given in the census of 1969. Carey also writes that there is cultural affinity between the Jah Hut, and another much smaller tribe, the Che Wong (1976, p.132)."

Text orang asli

Benjamin's division into the three groups of Aslian...

"Benjamin's division into the three groups of Aslian languages - Northern, Central, and Southern - is based on the cognate percentages obtained. His calculation shows model cognacy rates of 47% for Northern Aslian, 37% for Central Aslian, and 38% for Southern Aslian."

Text orang asli

In order to get a better of picture of Lanoh, we...

"In order to get a better of picture of Lanoh, we applied the lexicostatiscal test on this language and Kensiu-Kentak. The latter was chosen because in Baling, before the migration of the tribes to Perak, Lanoh lived in the same area or settlement as the Kensiu and the Kentak Bong. The percentage score of cognates is only 28%, clearly showing that they belong to different groups."

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